"Entonces quieres que todos sean amigos, y [tener] amigos es importante para los estudios, creo": El papel de los compañeros en la integración, la participación y el aprendizaje de los niños
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22325/fes/res.2024.215Palabras clave:
pares, hacer relaciones entre pares, nivel meso, integración, participaciónResumen
Aunque se reconoce ampliamente la importancia de los contextos sociales en general y de las relaciones entre iguales en particular para la integración y el aprendizaje, el papel de los niños como co-constructores en la configuración de estos procesos sigue sin tenerse suficientemente en cuenta. Los estudios anteriores se han centrado en el individuo o en los macroprocesos, descuidando así los niveles micro y meso al hacer hincapié en los intercambios y las interrelaciones entre los niños y entre éstos y su entorno social. Para abordar esta laguna e iluminar ambos niveles, el presente artículo combina la teoría de Bronfenbrenner con la noción de "hacer relaciones entre iguales", y reúne las perspectivas de niños y profesionales. Los análisis se basaron en entrevistas cualitativas realizadas en cuatro países europeos en el marco de un proyecto más amplio sobre integración y participación de niños inmigrantes. Los resultados muestran el gran potencial de las relaciones entre iguales para la integración y el aprendizaje, que debe aprovecharse con mayor intensidad. Se analizarán las conclusiones para los profesionales de la educación y el trabajo social.
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