Extracciones de sedimento en ríos chilenos: revisión y propuesta de gestión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v38i3-4.109045Palabras clave:
extracciones de arenas, extracciones de gravas, legislación, ChileResumen
Los efectos de las extracciones de áridos en ríos han sido ampliamente estudiados en la literatura. Aunque esta actividad ha sido estrictamente regulada en algunos países, en otros todavía incrementa el número de extracciones, como es el caso de Chile. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el estado actual de las extracciones de áridos en ríos chilenos, describiendo también la legislación actual del país. Los resultados mostraron una tendencia creciente en el número de proyectos aprobados y, aunque están presentes en todo el país, una gran parte de ellos se ubican en la región centro-sur, siendo Ñuble la región con un mayor número de extracciones. La regulación de las actividades de extracción de áridos en Chile se gestiona y evalúa por parte de los gobiernos municipales, después de una evaluación por parte del Departamento de Obras Fluviales, lo que ha conllevado una sobre-extracción de sedimento en algunos ríos. En este contexto, la sociedad chilena ha experimentado un incremento en la conscienciación ambiental, acompañada de la identificación de los principales efectos de las extracciones de áridos en ríos. Recientemente, el gobierno chileno ha discutido una modificación de la ley de extracciones de áridos, con el objetivo de estandarizar la regulación de esta actividad e incorporar una visión socio-ambiental en la evaluación de estos proyectos.
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