Métodos de datación en sedimentos cuaternarios con laminación anual: Ejemplos de la Península Ibérica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17735/cyg.v36i3-4.94057Palabras clave:
varvas, sedimentos laminados, Península Ibérica, lagos, cronologíaResumen
Las secuencias sedimentarias con laminación anual (varvas) producen modelos cronológicos independientes de alta resolución (e.g. anual o incluso estacional), basados en el contaje de láminas, con una incertidumbre de edad menor al 5%. Durante las últimas décadas se han datado más de doscientas secuencias varvadas en diferentes sistemas marinos y lacustres, ubicadas fundamentalmente en el hemisferio norte. La mayor parte de las secuencias varvadas cubren los últimos siglos o milenios, siendo mucho más escasos los registros que abarcan cronologías anteriores al Holoceno. Hasta la fecha, se han identificado cinco registros varvados cuaternarios en la Península Ibérica (restringidos al Holoceno tardío), los cuales estan ubicados en sistemas kársticos de zonas mediterráneas. Cuando la laminación no es continua desde el techo del registro, el conteo de varvas debe validarse con otras técnicas de datación independiente y compararse con eventos históricos (cronomarcadores) para asignar una edad calendario a la secuencia varvada y alcanzar modelos precisos y fiables de profundidad-edad, sirviendo de base para llevar a cabo reconstrucciones paleoambientales de alta resolución temporal.
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