From Classical Dependence to Inward-looking Development in Cuba (1990-2006)
Abstract
When Cuba had already developed a model based on industrial agriculture, the global context changed. These changes forced the island to search for new answers. In the midst of the Special Period, the island dramatically shifted from export dependency to inward-looking development. The new model enhanced food import substitution and decentralised land structures and commercialisation. This paper discusses the lights and shadows of Cuba’s shift to inward-looking development from the Special Period to the last days of Fidel Castro’s administration (1990-2006).
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