Vínculo materno-fetal: implicaciones en el desarrollo psicológico y propuesta de intervención en atención temprana
Resumen
Diversas investigaciones en el campo de la salud identifican el vínculo materno-fetal como un precedente significativo de la vinculación post-natal entre la madre y su bebé. El vínculo materno-fetal se asocia con aspectos emocionales y cognitivos que permiten recrear al feto como otro ser humano. Este vínculo se expresa, a través de prácticas de salud dirigidas a buscar la protección y el bienestar del feto. Por otra parte se constata que el estado psicológico de la madre influye en el feto, tanto a nivel neurocomportamental y en las alteraciones en el desarrollo que se manifiestan así mismo en el periodo post-natal, afectando significativamente la relación madre-bebé. Por tanto cabe proponer que las prácticas de atención temprana se extiendan al periodo prenatal como estrategia de prevención, repercutiendo favorablemente en la salud materno-infantil. Para ello se plantea un modelo de intervención interdisciplinar, centrado en el vínculo materno-fetal como factor protector del vínculo en el período post-parto y como potenciador de prácticas de parentalidad positiva que fomente un desarrollo psicológico saludable.Palabras Clave: Vínculo Materno-fetal; Atención Temprana; Embarazo; Desarrollo Psicológico.
Health research has identified maternal-foetal bonding as a significant antecedent of post-natal bonding between mother and baby. Maternal-foetal bonding is associated with the emotional and cognitive aspects that allow the foetus to be recreated as another human being. This bond is expressed in health practices aimed at the protection and welfare of the foetus. It has been observed that the psychological state of the mother affects the foetus at the neurobehavioral level and influences the appearance of developmental disorders that also manifest in the post-natal period, thereby significantly affecting the mother-baby relationship. Thus, early intervention practices could be extended to the prenatal period as a prevention strategy to favourably impact the health of the child and mother. To address this issue, we present an interdisciplinary intervention model, which focuses on maternal-foetal bonding as a protective factor for bonding during the postnatal period, and as an enhancer of positive parenting practices that promote healthy psychological development.
Key Words: Maternal-foetal Bonding; Early Intervention; Pregnancy; Psychological Development.
Citas
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