The Continuum of Irish Female Sexuality in Sally Rooney’s Conversations with Friends and Normal People: A Contradicted Ireland
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24162/EI2023-11443Keywords:
Contemporary Irish literature, female voices, Irish female sexuality, Irish recession, Sally RooneyAbstract
After the Celtic Tiger years, Irish society seems to have transitioned into a much more welcoming environment for the production of literature, and in general, for the arts. The proliferation of literature, and, more specifically, of women writers and portrayals of girlhood, is giving way to a significant visualization of female voices and female issues, Sally Rooney being one of those voices. Therefore, in this paper I aim to analyse her contribution to the current Irish literary landscape through her novels Conversations with Friends (2017) and Normal People (2018), where sex and female sexuality become two of the major themes. Trauma, guilt and shame (Free and Scully 2016), as key traits of recessionary Irish identity, will also be taken into account by looking into Rooney’s characters’ attitudes as they perform their own sexuality. Hence, both the advantage of a higher social awareness of female issues and the disadvantage of an ashamed Post-Celtic Tiger society mix, thus influencing the representation of 21st century Irish female sexuality, and also creating a definitely contradicted society (Crowley 2013), where social advances keep pushing forward while post-boom trauma and self-regulation keep them back.
References
Alférez Mendía, Sofía. (2022). “Affective Relationships in the 21st Century: A Derridean Approach to Sally Rooney’s Normal People and Conversations with Friends”, GAUDEAMUS, (2): 33-51.
Barros-Del Río, María Amor. (2022). “Sally Rooney’s Normal People: the millennial novel of formation in recessionary Ireland”, Irish Studies Review, (30) 2: 176-192, doi: 10.1080/09670882.2022.2080036.
Bracken, Claire and Tara Harney-Mahajan. (2017). “A Continuum of Irish Women’s Writing: Reflections on the Post-Celtic Tiger Era”, LIT: Literature Interpretation Theory, (28) 1: 1-12, doi: 10.1080/10436928.2017.1275382.
Cahill, Susan. (2017). “A Girl is A Half-Formed Thing?: Girlhood, Trauma and Resistance in Post-Tiger Irish Literature”, LIT: Literature Interpretation Theory (28) 2: 153-171.
______ (2018). “Celtic Tiger Fiction” in A History of Modern Irish Women’s Literature, edited by Heather Ingman and Clíona Ó Gallchoir. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 426-444, doi:10.1017/9781316442999.023.
Cobo, Rosa. (2019). “La cuarta ola feminista y la violencia sexual”. Revista Interuniversitaria de cultura Paradigma, (1) 22: 134-138.
Coughlan, Patricia. (2004). “Irish Literature and Femininity in Postmodernity”, Hungarian Journal of English and American Studies (10) 1–2: 175-202.
Cronin, Michael. (2012). Impure Thoughts: Sexuality, Catholicism and Literature in Twentieth-Century Ireland. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Crowley, Ethel. (2013). Your Place or Mine?: Community and Belonging in 21st Century Ireland. Dublin: Orpen Press.
Dougherty, Jane Elizabeth. (2007). “Nuala O’Faolain and the Unwritten Irish Girlhood”, New Hibernia Review, (11) 2: 50-65.
Endometriosis Association of Ireland (2019). All About Endometriosis. YouTube, www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJ9bUcPZGJQ
Free, Marcus, and Clare Scully. (2016). “The Run of Ourselves: Shame, Guilt and Confession in Post-Celtic Tiger Irish Media.” International Journal of Culture Studies, (21) 3: 308-324, doi: 10.1177/ 1367877916646470.
Illouz, Eva. (1997). Consuming the Romantic Utopia: Love and the Cultural Contradictions of Capitalism. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Inglis, Tom. (2006). “From Self-Denial to Self-Indulgence: The Clash of Cultures in Contemporary Ireland”. The Irish Review, 34: 34-43.
______ (2005). “Origins and Legacies of Irish Prudery: Sexuality and Social Control in Modern Ireland”. Éire-Ireland (40) 2: 9-37 doi:10.1353/eir.2005.0022.
Jackson, Pamela Braboy et al. (2011). “Conventions of Courtship: Gender and Race Differences in the Significance of Dating Rituals.” Journal of family issues, 32 (5): 629-652.
Jordan, Justine. (2015). “A New Irish Literary Boom: The Post-crash Stars of Fiction” The Guardian, www.theguardian.com/books/2015/oct/17/new-irish-literary-boom-post-crash-stars-fiction. Accessed 14 Mar 2022.
Kennon, Patricia. (2020). “Reflecting Realities in Twenty-First-Century Irish Children’s and Young Adult Literature.” Irish University Review, 50 (1): 131-142. doi: 10.3366/iur.2020.0440
Kenny, Mary. (2019). “Recollections of the Irish women’s liberation movement” in Gender and Sexuality in Ireland, edited by John Gibney. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword History. 134-140.
Parry, Diana. (2019). Feminisms in Leisure Studies: Advancing a Fourth Wave. New York: Routledge.
Rooney, Sally. (2017). Conversations with Friends. London: Faber and Faber.
______ (2018). Normal People. London: Faber and Faber.
——— (2019). Sally Rooney Interview: Writing with Marxism. YouTube, uploaded by Louisiana Channel, www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1S5bOdJq3U&t=15s.
Ryan, Paul. (2019). “Ask Angela: Reappraising the Irish ‘sexual repression’ narrative.” In Gender and Sexuality in Ireland, edited by John Gibney. Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Books. 119-125.
Swidler, Ann. (1986). “Culture in Action: Symbols Strategies”. American Sociological Review (51) 2: 273-86, doi:10.2307/2095521.
The School for Revolutionary Girls. https://www.imma.ie/en/page_237159.htm. Accessed 07 Apr. 2016.
World Health Organization (2021). “Endometriosis”. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/endometriosis. Accessed 13 Apr. 2022.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Sofía Alférez Mendía

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.