EU, Spatial Differences and Territorial Dynamics: The Project of “Convergence Territories” in Portugal

Abstract

The world is changing at an accelerating pace with relevant consequences to sustainability, territorial cohesion and the relation between territories. Over the past decades, the EU Cohesion Policy is supporting regulations, programs that ensure a harmonious development by reducing the differences existing between the various regions and strengthening of its economic, social, and territorial cohesion. In Portugal, different programs and measures addressed this issue, with a strong focus on identifying the inland/low-density municipalities that should be favoured by the EU Cohesion policy funds. However, there are no clear gains of territorial cohesion and most of the municipalities outside the two metropolitan areas or major regional urban centres are demanding more attention, a correct distribution of funding and a map of inland/low-density areas that translate the territorial dynamics. In this paper we analyse territorial cohesion in Portugal, presenting a new proposal – developed by some Portuguese municipalities – that establishes the criteria for identification of the low-density/inland areas that should be targeted with specific programs and investments.