Perfil del luchador de Jiu-Jitsu Brasileño, variables, técnicas e instrumentos para medir el rendimiento deportivo: Una revisión de alcance (Profile of the Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighter, variables, techniques and instruments for measuring sports performance
Una revisión de alcance
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.91024Palabras clave:
jiu-jitsu brasileño, evaluación, rendimiento, rendimiento atlético, artes marciales, medicina deportiva, (Brazilian jiu-jitsu; assessment; performance; athletic performance; martial arts; sport medicine)Resumen
Objetivos: Verificar un perfil de luchador de Jiu-Jitsu brasileño estudiado en la literatura y caracterizar las variables e instrumentos utilizados para valorar el rendimiento deportivo. Metodología: La revisión se realizó de acuerdo con los criterios de declaración PRISMA, considerando estudios entre los años 2010 y 2020 en el SportDiscus, PubMed / Medline, SCOPUS, LILACS, Dialnet y SCIELO. Resultados: Se eligieron un total de 51 estudios, en su mayoría de origen brasileño (82,4%). La muestra total estuvo integrada por 1.493 combatientes (98% hombres), con una edad promedio de 27,1 años. Las variables más evaluadas fueron las fisiológicas (24 estudios) y las físicas (13 estudios). De ellos, los más analizados fueron el lactato y la fuerza de agarre, respectivamente. Los instrumentos de evaluación más utilizados fueron el Borg Rating of Perceived Esfuerzo para las variables fisiológicas (13 estudios), la dinamometría para las físicas (13 estudios) y la escala de peso para las variables antropométricas y nutricionales (15 estudios). Conclusiones: Se ha generado un perfil de luchador de Jiu-Jitsu brasileño. Las variables más estudiadas fueron las fisiológicas y físicas. Los instrumentos de evaluación más utilizados fueron la escala de peso, la dinamometría y el índice de Borg de esfuerzo percibido. Además, existen pocos estudios que realicen mediciones en tiempo real, en luchadoras femeninas, en luchadoras de Jiu-Jitsu brasileñas y que reporten el estilo de luchadores.
Abstract: Aims: To verify a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighter profile studied in the literature and to characterize the variables, techniques and instruments for measuring sports performance. Methods: The review was carried out according to the declaration criteria PRISMA, considering studies between the years 2010 and 2020 in the SportDiscus, PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, LILACS, Dialnet and SCIELO. Results: A total of 51 studies were chosen, mostly of Brazilian origin (82.4%). The total sample was integrated by 1,493 fighters (98% men), with an average age of 27.1 years. The most assess variables were the physiological (24 studies) and the physical (13 studies). Of them, the most analyzed were the lactate and grip force, respectively. The assessment instruments most used were the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion for the physiological variables (13 studies), the dynamometry for the physical variables (13 studies), and the weight scale for anthropometric and nutritional variables (15 studies). Conclusions: It has been generated a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighter profile. The most frequently studied variables were the physiological and physical. The most assessment instrument used were the weight scale, dynamometry and Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion. Moreover, there are few studies that perform measurements in real time, in female fighters, in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu fighters and who report the fighter style.
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