Combinación de entrenamiento de fuerza y aeróbico en adultos mayores: efectos en rendimiento funcional, fuerza, masa grasa y dolor (Combined resistance and aerobic training in Elderly: effects on functional performance, strength, fat mass and pain percep
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.86701Palabras clave:
Personas Mayores, Composición Corporal, Entrenamiento de Fuerza, Entrenamiento Aeróbico, Percepción del Dolor, (Aging, Body Composition, Concurrent training, Functional impairment, Quality of life)Resumen
Introducción: La sociedad está envejeciendo, y se estima que este segmento seguirá aumentando en los próximos años. Objetivo: Examinar los efectos que producen 5 semanas de entrenamiento en el rendimiento funcional, fuerza de agarre, perímetro de cintura, masa grasa y percepción de dolor general. Método: 28 sujetos (edad ≥ 55 años), sedentarios, participaron en un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza y entrenamiento aeróbico, de 5 semanas, 5 sesiones semanales de 50-60 minutos de duración. Resultados: Existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los valores previos y posteriores al programa. La magnitud de estas diferencias puede considerarse grande en el Timed Up and Go Test (-27.3%, p=0.000, d=3.01), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (+42%, p=0.000, d=1.77) y percepción de dolor día (-54.7%, p=0.000, d=1.27) y noche (-58.2%, p=0.000, d=1.02). Conclusión: Tras la aplicación del programa de entrenamiento concurrente descrito, todas las variables analizadas han evolucionado favorablemente. Dichas variables están directamente relacionadas con la composición corporal, calidad de vida, reducción del dolor, así como mejora de fuerza para las actividades cotidianas de las personas mayores.
Abstract. Introduction: Society is aging, and it is estimated that this segment will continue to grow in the coming years. Objectives: To examine the effects of 5 weeks of training on functional performance, grip strength, waist circumference, fat mass and general pain perception.Methods: 28 subjects (age ≥ 55 years), sedentary, participated in a 5-week strength and aerobic training program, 5 weekly sessions of 50-60 minutes duration. Results: There are statistically significant differences between pre and post program values. The magnitude of these differences can be considered large in the Timed Up and Go Test (-27.3%, p=0.000, d=3.01), 30-Second Chair Stand Test (+42%, p=0.000, d=1.77) and pain perception day (-54.7%, p=0.000, d=1.27) and night (-58.2%, p=0.000, d=1.02).Conclusion: After the application of described concurrent training program, all analyzed variables have evolved favorably. Such variables are directly related to body composition, quality of life, pain reduction, as well as to improvement of strenght for the elderly’s daily activities.
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