Relación de la formación reglada con el liderazgo y la autodeterminación de los entrenadores y el bienestar de los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual (Relationship of formal training on coaches’ leadership and self-determination and well-being of athletes with intellectual disabilities)

Autores/as

  • Pedro Rui Inês Pires Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, España. Grupo de Optimización del Entrenamiento y Rendimiento Deportivo (GOERD) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8395-0092
  • Marco Batista Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Portugal. Sport, Health & Exercise Research Unit (SHERU) https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3318-2472
  • Helena Mesquita Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco. Portugal. Sport, Health & Exercise Research Unit (SHERU). Centro Interdisciplinar de Ciências Sociais da Universidade Nova (CISC.NOVA) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6869-9856
  • Sergio J. Ibáñez Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte, Universidad de Extremadura, España. Grupo de Optimización del Entrenamiento y Rendimiento Deportivo (GOERD) https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6009-4086

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.93064

Palabras clave:

Liderazgo; Deportes adaptados; Discapacidad intelectual; Entrenadores; Deportistas; Autodeterminación; Necesidades psicológicas básicas; Satisfacción con la vida; Afectos

Resumen

Los entrenadores son ampliamente reconocidos como uno de los agentes sociales más importantes del panorama deportivo. Es fundamental analizar la relación entrenador-deportista, pues es esencial para los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual. El estudio tiene como objetivo principal identificar el liderazgo de los entrenadores, conocer el grado de autodeterminación, las necesidades psicológicas básicas, la satisfacción con la vida y los afectos de los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual y analizar la relación de la educación formal de los entrenadores en las variables mencionadas. La investigación fue descriptiva y transversal, con una muestra formada por 50 entrenadores y 94 deportistas del universo de Special Olympics Portugal. Se utilizaron varios instrumentos para medir el liderazgo, la autodeterminación, las necesidades psicológicas básicas, la satisfacción vital y los afectos. A la vista de los resultados obtenidos, se observa que el liderazgo de los entrenadores se percibe como un liderazgo que tiende más al refuerzo y a la formación-instrucción. Los deportistas muestran una motivación autónoma por el deporte y favorecen la autonomía que proporciona la actividad deportiva. Estas premisas permiten a los deportistas mostrar altos valores de satisfacción con la vida y afectos positivos. En resumen, el deporte para los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual tiene un efecto transformador, no sólo en el contexto deportivo sino también en el social.

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Publicado

2022-09-28

Cómo citar

Pires, P. R. I., Batista, M., Mesquita, H., & Ibáñez, S. J. (2022). Relación de la formación reglada con el liderazgo y la autodeterminación de los entrenadores y el bienestar de los deportistas con discapacidad intelectual (Relationship of formal training on coaches’ leadership and self-determination and well-being of athletes with intellectual disabilities). Retos, 46, 480–489. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.93064

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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