Efecto de dos programas de entrenamiento con diferente distribución de intensidad (polarizada vs umbral) en el rendimiento aeróbico en ciclistas entrenados (Effect of two training schedules with different distribution of intensity (polarized vs threshol

Autores/as

  • Tomas Ignacio Rivera-Kofler Pedagogía en Educación Física, Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar, Chile.
  • Juan Zavala-Crichton Pedagogía en Educación Física. Universidad Andres Bello, Viña del Mar. Chile.
  • Jorge Olivares-Arancibia Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación Física. Universidad de Las Américas. Santiago, Chile.
  • Rodrigo Yáñez-Sepúlveda Pedagogía en Educación Física. Universidad de Viña del Mar, Chile http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9618-3686

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.80432

Palabras clave:

Rendimiento aeróbico, intensidad, entrenamiento, umbral funcional, distribución ., (aerobic performance, intensity, training, functional threshold, intensity distribution)

Resumen

En la actualidad son dos los modelos de entrenamiento más utilizados que condicionan la metodología de trabajo en atletas de resistencia: i) Entrenamiento al umbral (UMB) y ii) Entrenamiento polarizado (POL). El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar el efecto de dos programaciones de entrenamiento con diferente distribución de intensidad (polarizada vs umbral) en el rendimiento aeróbico de ciclistas entrenados en un período de 4 semanas. En la investigación participaron 18 ciclistas entrenados que fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en grupo UMB (n= 9; edad 38 ± 7 años; altura 171,8 ± 6,9 cm; peso corporal 74,10 ± 10,94) y grupo POL (n= 9; edad 31,4 ± 12,2 años; altura 167,5 ± 6,7 cm; peso corporal 63,88 ± 5,37) quienes realizaron 4 semanas de entrenamiento. Ambas metodologías se ejecutaron bajo similares características en cuanto al tiempo total de entrenamiento (UMB: 1085 min/sem; POL: 1024 min/sem) pero con diferente distribución de intensidad (UMB= 70% en zona 1; 30% en zona 2; 0% en zona 3; POL= 88% en zona 1; 0% en zona 2; 12% en zona 3). Peso corporal (kg) y potencia al umbral funcional (PUF) fueron medidos antes y después de cada programación. Sólo grupo con carga POL redujo su peso corporal después del programa (POL= -1,38%; p= 0,003). También, grupo POL mejoró su PUF (5,48%; p= 0,012) y por defecto los valores de vatios por kilogramo de peso (V/kg) se vieron incrementados (7,17%; p= 0,015). En comparación a distribución de intensidad UMB, cuatro semanas de entrenamiento POL mejora el rendimiento aeróbico en ciclistas entrenados. 

Abstract Currently there are two most used training models that condition the work methodology in endurance athletes: Threshold Training (UMB) and polarized training (POL). The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of both programs on the aerobic performance of trained cyclists. The research included 18 athletes who were randomly distributed in the BMU group (n= 9; age 38 ± 7 years; height 171.8 ± 6.9 cm; body weight 74.10 ± 10.94) and the POL group (n= 9; age 31.4 ± 12.2 years; height 167.5 ± 6.7 cm; weight 63.88 ± 5.37) who completed 4 weeks of training. Both methodologies were executed under similar characteristics in terms of total training time (BMU; 1085 min / wk; POL; 1024 min/wk) but with different intensity distribution (BMU= 70% in zone 1; 30% in zone 2; 0% in zone 3; POL= 88% in zone 1; 0% in zone 2; 12% in zone 3). Body weight (kg) and functional threshold power (PUF) were measured before and after each programming. Only group with POL load reduced their body weight after the program (POL= -1.38%; p = 0.003). Also, group POL improved their PUF (5.48%; p= 0.012) and by default the watt values per kilogram of weight (V/kg) they were increased (7.17%; p= 0.015). Compared to UMB intensity distribution, 4 weeks of POL training improves aerobic performance in trained cyclists.

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Publicado

2021-01-01

Cómo citar

Rivera-Kofler, T. I., Zavala-Crichton, J., Olivares-Arancibia, J., & Yáñez-Sepúlveda, R. (2021). Efecto de dos programas de entrenamiento con diferente distribución de intensidad (polarizada vs umbral) en el rendimiento aeróbico en ciclistas entrenados (Effect of two training schedules with different distribution of intensity (polarized vs threshol. Retos, 39, 685–690. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.80432

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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