Revisión bibliográfica sobre la actividad física en el medio natural en Educación Física (Bibliographic review on physical activity in the natural environment in physical education)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.95801Palabras clave:
actividad en la naturaleza, deportes en la naturaleza, educación aventura, actividades al aire libre, emocionesResumen
Frenar el cambio climático y disminuir el impacto de la sociedad es uno de los grandes retos actuales. Ello implica educar a las nuevas generaciones en prácticas sostenibles en el medio natural, respeto y cuidado por el mismo. El docente de Educación Física tiene que trabajar entre sus contenidos la Actividad Física en el Medio Natural (AFMN), fomentando en el alumnado respetar y valorar el medio ambiente. El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la literatura de los artículos publicados sobre la AFMN y Educación Física desde los inicios a la actualidad para analizar el número de publicaciones y la temática principal de las mismas. Para realizar el análisis bibliográfico, se utilizó el Análisis Estadístico de Datos Textuales, apoyado en el uso del MANOVA Biplot, obteniendo un resultado final de 142 artículos. Como conclusiones, se constatan las primeras investigaciones en 2010, con un aumento significativo a partir de 2019. Se constata una evolución de las temáticas en 3 grupos de años diferentes: 1) recreación y el ocio, 2) educación y, 3) educación, salud y ocio responsable, siendo este último en el que se encuentran la mayoría de las investigaciones. Las AFMN pueden generar múltiples beneficios en los adolescentes en diferentes áreas como son la física y mental. También cabe destacar, que estas actividades generan en los practicantes un mayor respeto por el medio ambiente.
Palabras clave: actividad en la naturaleza, deportes en la naturaleza, educación aventura, actividades al aire libre, emociones.
Abstract. Curbing climate change and reducing its impact on society is one of the great challenges facing us today. It implies educating the new generations in sustainable practices in the natural environment, as well as respecting and caring for it. Physical Education teachers must include Physical Activity in the Natural Environment (AFMN) in their content, encouraging students to respect and value the environment. The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic literature review of the articles published on AFMN and Physical Education from the beginning to the present day to analyze the number of publications and their main themes. For the bibliographic analysis, the Statistical Analysis of Textual Data was used, supported by the MANOVA Biplot, obtaining a final result of 142 articles. The conclusions drawn show that the first investigations were conducted in 2010, with a significant increase from 2019 onwards. An evolution of the themes was observed in 3 groups in different years: 1) recreation and leisure, 2) education and 3) education, health and responsible leisure, the latter being the one in which most research can be found. AFMN can generate multiple benefits for adolescents in different areas both physically and mentally. It should also be noted that these activities generate greater respect for the environment in participants.
Key words: nature activity, nature sports, adventure education, outdoor activities, emotions
Citas
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