Factores de riesgo en adicciones y su relación con actividades deportivas y recreativas (Addiction risk factors and their relationship with sports and recreational activities)

Autores/as

  • Mario I Ortiz Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Eliseo Ramírez Ulloa 400, Col. Doctores Pachuca, Hgo. México Código Postal: 42090 Phone Number: +52-77-1717-2000 Ext. 2361 E-mail: mario_i_ortiz@hotmail.com
  • Mariana Ortiz-Márquez Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México. Mexico. Código Postal: 11340 Phone Number: +52-5557296269 Ext. 62515

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i34.56501

Palabras clave:

Adicciones, Actividad física, Actividades recreativas (Addictions, Physical activity, Recreational activities)

Resumen

Introducción. La adolescencia se considera un período de transformación en la vida del individuo. Existen factores de riesgo y factores protectores para el uso de sustancias adictivas. Existe controversia entre la capacidad protectora de las actividades físicas y recreativas en las adicciones. Objetivo. Determinar los valores basales del Instrumento para la evaluación de problemas propios de la adolescencia y su relación con actividades deportivas y recreativas en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos. Métodos. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 723 participantes. El cuestionario constó de dos secciones: la primera recolectó antecedentes de realización de actividades físicas y recreativas. La segunda sección fue el Instrumento para la evaluación de problemas propios de la adolescencia, que evaluó siete áreas para detectar adolescentes con riesgo de adicciones. Resultados. La edad promedio de los participantes fue de 18.6 ± 0.6 años; 522 fueron mujeres (72.2%). Trescientos siete (42.5%) participantes realizaron actividad física y 272 (37.6%) realizaron actividades recreativas. Las áreas con mayor riesgo para adicciones fueron: relaciones familiares, relaciones con amigos y nivel educativo. No se encontró ninguna relación entre la realización de deporte y los factores de riesgos encontrados en la evaluación (p> .05). Se encontró una relación significativa protectora entre la realización de actividades recreativas y una disminución en el riesgo de adicciones en el área de relaciones familiares (Odds Ratio = .541; p< .05). Conclusión. No existió una relación entre actividad física y los riesgos encontrados. La realización de actividades de recreación disminuyen los riesgos a adicciones en el área de relaciones familiares. 


Abstract. Introduction. Adolescence is a period of transformation in any individual’s life, in which there are risk and protective factors for addictive substance use. There is controversy over the protective effect of physical and recreational activities on addictions. Objective. To determine the basal values of the Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers and their relation with ludic and physical activities in Mexican university students. Methods. A questionnaire was applied to 723 participants. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: the first collected sociodemographic and family history, as well as information on physical and recreational activities carried out. The second section was the Problem Oriented Screening Instrument for Teenagers, which assessed seven areas to detect adolescents at risk for addictions. Results. The average age of participants was 18.6 ± 0.6 years; 522 were women (72.2%). Of the total population, 307 (42.5%) participants reported performing physical activity, while 272 (37.6%) reported recreational activities. The areas with mayor risk for addiction were family relationships, relationships with friends, and level of education. No relationship between exercising and risk factors was found in the evaluation (p > .05). A significant protective relationship between the realization of recreational activities and a decreased risk of addiction in the area family relationships (p < .05, Odds Ratio = .541) was found. Conclusion. There was no relationship between physical activity and the risks encountered. Recreational activities reduce the risks for addictions in the area of family relationships.

Biografía del autor/a

Mario I Ortiz, Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo. Eliseo Ramírez Ulloa 400, Col. Doctores Pachuca, Hgo. México Código Postal: 42090 Phone Number: +52-77-1717-2000 Ext. 2361 E-mail: mario_i_ortiz@hotmail.com

Profesor Investigador Titular de Tiempo Completo

Área Académica de Medicina del

Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud

Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo.

 

Mariana Ortiz-Márquez, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México. Mexico. Código Postal: 11340 Phone Number: +52-5557296269 Ext. 62515

Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional,
Ciudad de México. Mexico.
Código Postal: 11340
Phone Number: +52-5557296269 Ext. 62515

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2018-07-01

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Ortiz, M. I., & Ortiz-Márquez, M. (2018). Factores de riesgo en adicciones y su relación con actividades deportivas y recreativas (Addiction risk factors and their relationship with sports and recreational activities). Retos, 34, 71–79. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i34.56501

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas