Efectos de la sincronización musical y de las preferencias musicales en la respuesta fisiológica durante una sesión de ejercicio físico: un estudio cuasi experimental

José Manuel Delfa-de-la-Morena; Pedro Pinheiro Paes; Wlaldemir Roberto dos Santos; Juan Pablo Lillo; Juan-José Mijarra-Murillo; Iván Rodríguez-Núñez

doi:10.47197/retos.v65.111299

Autores/as

José Manuel Delfa-de-la-Morena Universidad Rey Juan Carlos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6660-7943
Pedro Pinheiro Paes Universidade Federal de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6765-5672
Wlaldemir Roberto dos Santos Universidade de Pernambuco https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5706-2243
Juan Pablo Lillo Universidad de Concepción https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3114-1766
Juan-José Mijarra-Murillo Universidad Rey Juan Carlos https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2225-5253
Iván Rodríguez-Núñez Universidad de Concepción https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-5093

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.111299

Palabras clave:

Sincronización musical, Preferencia musical, Frecuencia cardíaca, Percepción de esfuerzo, Variabilidad del ritmo cardiaco, Carga interna de entrenamiento

Resumen

Objetivo: Comparar la respuesta fisiológica del sistema cardiorrespiratorio durante dos sesiones de ejercicio; una sincronizada con música, y la otra dirigida por un instructor mientras se escucha música de preferencia personal.

Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio cuasiexperimental cruzado con 13 individuos (7 hombres, edad media 23,7 años). Los participantes realizaron dos sesiones de ejercicio: una con sincronización musical y otra no sincronizada, pero escuchando la música de preferencia personal, con un intervalo de 72 horas entre las sesiones. Se evaluaron la frecuencia cardíaca (FC), la percepción de esfuerzo (PE), la carga interna de entrenamiento (CIE) y la variabilidad del ritmo cardíaco (VRC) durante las sesiones.

Resultados: Durante la sesión sincronizada, se observaron valores significativamente más bajos de FC media y FC pico (Δ-5,5% y Δ-5,2%, respectivamente) y una menor PE pico (Δ-9,9%) en comparación con la sesión no sincronizada. La CIE también fue menor (Δ-10%) en el ejercicio sincronizado. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en la VRC entre las sesiones. Las variaciones de la FC y la PE fueron determinadas por los cambios temporales durante las sesiones. Solo los cambios en la FC fueron determinados por la sincronización musical de los ejercicios.

Conclusiones: En la muestra estudiada, el ejercicio musicalmente sincronizado resultó en una menor intensidad cardiovascular percibida, sin variaciones sobre la regulación autonómica.

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