Autonomía funcional, densidad mineral ósea y riesgo de caídas en mujeres mayores con dos perfiles de composición corporal distintos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v66.111143Palabras clave:
Actividades de la vida diaria, autonomía, densidad ósea, factores de riesgo, salud de los ancianosResumen
Objetivo: Avaliar a autonomia funcional, a densidade mineral óssea e o risco de queda em mulheres idosas com dois perfis diferentes de composição corporal.
Métodos: O estudo foi realizado como um estudo correlacional com uma abordagem analítica quantitativa. As mulheres idosas participantes (n=114) foram submetidas a uma avaliação diagnóstica, que consistiu em: Avaliação da Autonomia Funcional (AF) protocolo GDLAM; Densidade Mineral Óssea (DMO) e Composição Corporal (CC) - testada por densitometria óssea por meio de dupla emissão de raios X (DXA) e o Risco de quedas foi utilizado o Falls Risk Assessment Battery (BARQ).
Resultados: Foram avaliadas 114 mulheres idosas (X ̅= 66,7 ± 6,27 anos), distribuídas em dois grupos de acordo com o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), sendo grupo de composição corporal normal NBC (n=39; até 24,9 kg/m2) e sobrepeso e obesidade (OO) (n=75; ≥ 25 kg/m2). O grupo geral estudado está em estado nutricional de sobrepeso (X ̅ =27,23 ± 4,5 kg/m2). Para a AF, o grupo estudado obteve uma predominância da classificação “regular” precedida de “boa”, num total de 63,2% dos participantes, com o melhor resultado para o grupo NBC apresentando índice GDLAM (GI) (X ̅ = 29,45 ± 4,14). O teste de Mann-Whitney mostrou um resultado significativo apenas com o teste de levantar da posição prona (RPP) para o grupo obeso e com sobrepeso (OO) quando comparado ao grupo NBC (Δ% = 12,81; p=0,027). Para a DMO, foi encontrado um resultado significativo para a região do colo do fêmur (BMDNF) (Δ% = 5,88; p=0,047) e uma correlação significativa do teste de caminhada de 10 metros (C10m) com o Índice de Risco de Queda (IRQ) (rho = -0,191; p=0,042).
Conclusões: Os resultados permitem concluir que as mulheres idosas participantes do estudo, da OO, apresentam melhores resultados no teste de elevação da posição prona (RPP) e na DMO do colo do fêmur, provavelmente devido à maior massa corporal, uma vez que o IMC não diferencia massa gorda de massa magra.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Lucio Flávio Gomes Ribeiro da Costa, Elizabeth Carvalho Lugão, Karollyni Bastos Andrade Dantas, Matthew T Corey, Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale, Claudia Moura Melo, Estelio Henrique Martin Dantas
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