Efecto de la caminata diaria durante el embarazo sobre el dolor neuromuscular en el tercer trimestre
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v67.110153Palabras clave:
Dolor de espalda, Dolor pélvico, Actividad física, Embarazo, Dolor neuromusculoesquelético, Dolor ciático, CaminarResumen
Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia del dolor neuromusculoesquelético en cada trimestre del embarazo y evaluar el impacto de caminar diariamente a partir del segundo trimestre en la incidencia, prevalencia e impacto en la vida diaria de dicho dolor en el tercer trimestre.
Métodos: Se analizaron 192 mujeres embarazadas que llevaban podómetros desde el inicio del segundo trimestre. Se midieron la actividad diaria de caminar, la frecuencia del dolor de espalda, dolor de cintura pélvica y dolor ciático, así como su impacto en la vida diaria. Las mujeres se clasificaron como físicamente activas o inactivas según un umbral de 7000 pasos/día.
Resultados: El dolor de espalda fue la afección notificada con mayor frecuencia y tuvo el mayor impacto en la vida diaria. No se encontró una asociación significativa entre caminar ≥7000 pasos/día a partir del segundo trimestre y la incidencia o prevalencia de dolor de cintura pélvica o ciático en el tercer trimestre. Además, no se encontró una asociación significativa con la prevalencia del dolor de espalda, aunque el análisis sugirió una posible tendencia en esta dirección.
Conclusiones: Caminar ≥7000 pasos/día a partir del segundo trimestre no se asoció significativamente con resultados de dolor musculoesquelético en el tercer trimestre. Si bien la actividad física es esencial para la salud general, se necesitan más investigaciones para determinar cómo los diferentes patrones e intensidades de caminata pueden contribuir a la prevención y el manejo del dolor musculoesquelético durante el embarazo.
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