Asociación entre una relación 2D:4D y el desarrollo deportivo en atletas. Una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v65.110121Palabras clave:
2D:4D, aptitud física, identificación de talento deportivo, testosterona fetalResumen
Introducción: La identificación de jóvenes atletas talentosos en el deporte de alto rendimiento requiere un abordaje multidisciplinar que considere una compleja combinación de características genéticas, psicológicas, físicas, técnicas y tácticas, sendo o rácio 2D:4D uma possível ferramenta adicional.
Objetivo: Este estudio visa analizar, a través de una revisión sistemática y metaanálisis, como relaciones entre la proporción 2D:4D y diversas capacidades físicas en atletas de diferentes idades y niveles competitivos.
Metodologia: Una pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada nas bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y SPORTDiscus, con los artículos recuperados sendo importados para el software Cadima para optimizar la síntesis de evidencias y garantizar el rigor metodológico. La calidad de los estudios se avaló utilizando una lista de “Downs e Black”, y se realizó un análisis estadístico del metaanálisis con el modelo de Efectos Aleatórios para considerar la variabilidad entre los estudios.
Resultados: Foro seleccionado 67 estudios para revisión de literatura, y 19 estudios, que evaluaron 3581 proporciones 2D:4D, foro incluido en metaanálisis. Los principales resultados revelan diferencias significativas entre hombres y mujeres, con los hombres presentando valores de 2D:4D típicamente más bajos. Además, los atletas tienden a ter rácios 2D:4D inferiores en comparación con los no atletas.
Conclusión: Foram identifiqué associações negativas entre o rácio 2D:4D e a capacidade aeróbia, VO2máx, potência anaeróbia e força muscular, enquanto que as relações com velocidade, capacidade anaeróbiae e flexibilidade se muestran menos consistentes.
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