Asociación entre la actividad física medida objetivamente y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en adultos sanos de atención primaria de salud.

Autores/as

  • Lucimere Bohn 1 Centro de Investigação em Desporto, Educação Física, Exercício e Saúde (CIDEFES) Universidade Lusófona - Centro Universitário Lusófona Porto, Porto, Portugal / 2 Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7988-968X
  • Francisco Javier Soto-Rodríguez 3 Departamento de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile / 4 Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera de Kinesiología, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7146-8482
  • Fernando Ribeiro 5 School of Health Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine- iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9094-1493
  • José Oliveira 2 Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1829-4196

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.109724

Palabras clave:

función autonómica, variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca, factores de riesgo cardiovascular, estilo de vida, atención primaria de salud, autonomic function, cardiovascular risk factors, hear rate variability, lifestyle, physical activity, primary health care

Resumen

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la actividad física (AF) diaria y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en adultos sin enfermedad cardiovascular establecida, inscritos en una unidad de atención primaria de salud.

Métodos: Este estudio transversal incluyó a 197 individuos aparentemente sanos (edad media 47 ± 13 años; 58% mujeres), inscritos en una unidad de atención primaria de salud. Los índices de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca (dominio del tiempo, dominio de la frecuencia e índices no lineales) se derivaron de registros de intervalos RR en reposo de 5 minutos mientras los sujetos respiraban a 12 respiraciones por minuto. La AF diaria se evaluó durante 7 días consecutivos utilizando acelerómetros. Los datos se categorizaron en tiempo sedentario, AF ligera y AF moderada a vigorosa. Se utilizaron análisis de correlación y regresión lineal multivariante para examinar las asociaciones entre la AF diaria y los índices de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca.

Resultados: El tiempo sedentario y la AF ligera no se asociaron con ningún índice de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca. Después de ajustar por edad, sexo y frecuencia cardíaca en reposo, la AF moderada a vigorosa se correlacionó significativamente con la razón entre la potencia de baja frecuencia y la potencia de alta frecuencia (LF/HF) (r2 = -0.18, p = 0.01). La AF moderada a vigorosa (β = -0.14, p = 0.03), junto con el sexo (β = 0.32, p = 0.001), la circunferencia de la cintura (β = 0.14, p = 0.04) y la edad (β = 0.05, p = 0.45), fueron predictores independientes de la razón LF/HF, explicando el 2.3% de su varianza.

Conclusión: El efecto cardioprotector de la AF moderada a vigorosa en los índices de variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca no se demostró claramente, aunque hubo una asociación inversa con la razón LF/HF. En contraste, el tiempo sedentario y la actividad física ligera no se asociaron con la función autonómica cardíaca.

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2025-01-01

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Bohn , L. ., Soto-Rodríguez, F. J., Ribeiro, F. ., & Oliveira , J. . (2025). Asociación entre la actividad física medida objetivamente y la variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca en adultos sanos de atención primaria de salud. Retos, 63, 50–62. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v63.109724

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Vol. 63 (2025)

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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Derechos de autor 2024 Lucimere Bohn , Francisco Javier Soto-Rodríguez, Fernando Ribeiro, José Oliveira

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