Cuáles son las tendencias en el desarrollo del liderazgo compartido y la formación de habilidades para la vida de liderazgo a través de actividades deportivas: una revisión bibliográfica (What are the trends in shared leadership development and leadership life skills formation through sport activities: a literature review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107445Palabras clave:
Shared Leadership, Life Skills, Sports ActivitiesResumen
Una persona debe tener una actitud de liderazgo como habilidad vital para sí misma. El liderazgo se forma sistemáticamente desde una edad temprana hasta el final de la vida humana, una de las cuales es participando activamente en un club deportivo. Un club puede desarrollarse gracias a las funciones que desempeñan en el deporte tanto los deportistas como los entrenadores, directivos y otros. Para ganar una competición o una carrera, es necesario que los deportistas colaboren de forma extraordinaria para alcanzar el objetivo más elevado, es decir, la victoria. Se elaboran, aplican y evalúan muchos planes. Este proceso requiere el liderazgo de los miembros del equipo a todos los niveles. En última instancia, este proceso se interioriza en cada miembro, como miembro y como líder de línea, ya que tiene lugar en un club deportivo. En este artículo se muestra cómo se forma este liderazgo. Las bases de datos se buscaron mediante motores de búsqueda en Scopus o Science Direct, entre otros, antes de proceder al análisis mediante PRISMA. La selección final de la base de datos de investigación se llevó a cabo comprobando si había duplicados, analizando el título, la integridad del manuscrito del resumen y el título y contenido del artículo, lo que dio como resultado 36 artículos. Los resultados mostraron que la participación activa en los deportes, especialmente en aquellos que adoptan un liderazgo compartido, proporciona la experiencia de convertirse en un objetivo y una visión de una misión común, de modo que cada miembro está más motivado para colaborar y dedicar tiempo, energía e incluso dinero para lograr este objetivo. Este proceso requiere habilidades unipersonales. Además, se siguen utilizando modelos de liderazgo autoritario y nativo. Evidentemente, sea cual sea el modelo de liderazgo que se aplique, los participantes adquirirán habilidades blandas, independientemente de lo que deseen. Esto conducirá al liderazgo en otros campos además del deporte, incluida la educación matemática. Según las pruebas bibliográficas, hay doce estudios que transforman la participación deportiva en valores beneficiosos para la vida; ocho estudios que influyen en el comportamiento de liderazgo hacia la dirección de organizaciones deportivas; cuatro estudios sobre liderazgo transformacional. Cuando las personas participan en actividades de liderazgo activo y asumen funciones, adquieren experiencias útiles, que a su vez repercutirán positivamente en el desarrollo de su liderazgo en la vida.
Palabras clave: Liderazgo compartido, habilidades para la vida, actividades deportivas
Abstract. A person must have a leadership attitude as a life skill for himself. Leadership is formed systematically from an early age until the end of human life, one of which is by actively participating in a sports club. A club can develop because of the roles in sports, both by athletes, coaches, managers, and others. To win a competition or race, it is necessary to collaborate between athletes in an extraordinary manner in order to achieve the highest goal, namely victory. Many plans are developed, implemented and evaluated. This process requires leadership from team members at every level. Ultimately, this process is internalized in each member, both as a member and line leader, as it takes place in a sports club. How this leadership is formed is shown in this article. Data bases were searched using search engines on Scopus or Science Direct and others before analysis using PRISMA. The final selection of the research database was carried out by checking for duplication, analyzing the title, completeness of the abstract manuscript, and the title and content of the article, resulting in 38 articles. The results showed that active participation in sports, especially those that embrace shared leadership, provides the experience to become one goal and vision of a common mission, so that each member is more motivated to collaborate and spend time, energy, and even money to achieve this goal. This process requires unipersonal skills. In addition, authoritarian and native leadership models are still used. Obviously, whatever leadership model is applied will provide soft skills to participants, no matter what they want. This will lead to leadership in other fields besides sports, including in mathematics education. According to the literature evidence, there are twelve studies that transform sports involvement into life-beneficial values; eight studies that influence leadership behavior towards running sports organizations; four studies on transformational leadership. When people participate in active leadership activities and take on roles, they gain useful experiences, which in turn will have a positive impact on their leadership development in life.
Keywords: Shared Leadership, Life Skills, Sports Activities
Citas
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