Comportamiento de interleucinas proinflamatorias después de una contrarreloj de 20 minutos en ciclistas altamente entrenados (Proinflammatory interleukins behavior after functional threshold power in Highly Trained cyclist)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.106199Palabras clave:
Atletas, Ciclismo, Citocinas, Interleucinas, Sistema inmuneResumen
El papel inflamatorio del esfuerzo físico intenso ha sido demostrado. Por tanto, el objetivo fue determinar el comportamiento de interleucinas proinflamatorias, después del test de umbral de potencia funcional en ciclistas. Participaron 29 ciclistas hombres, edad promedio 22±3.9 años y experiencia en ciclismo de 6.9±4.2 años. La prueba consistió en una contrarreloj de 20 minutos. Se cuantificaron IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α antes y después de 15 minutos del test, mediante toma de muestra de 5mL de sangre venosa. Resultados. Las interleucinas no presentaron variación significativa entre los momentos pre y post test. El umbral de potencia funcional fue UPF20.95%W=256.8±35.6. El perfil de potencia fue UPF20.95%W•kg-1=4.2±1, el cual corresponde a la categoría de rendimiento físico “muy buena”. Conclusiones. Las interleucinas IL-6, IL-8 y TNF-α no se incrementan significativamente cuando son cuantificadas 15 minutos post umbral de potencia funcional. Consecuentemente, determinar el umbral de potencia funcional no induce inflamación. Por tanto, el umbral de potencia funcional puede determinarse indistintamente en el periodo o mesociclo de entrenamiento dentro de la preparación anual de un ciclista, como herramienta para monitorear tanto el entrenamiento como el rendimiento físico en ciclistas.
Palabras Clave: Atletas; Ciclismo; Citocinas; Interleucinas; Sistema inmune
Abstract: The role of intense physical exertion in inflammation has been well-established. Thus, this study aimed to determine the behavior of proinflammatory interleukins following the functional threshold power test in cyclists. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine male cyclists, with an average age 22±3.9 years and an average cycling experience 6.9±4.2 years, participated. The test comprised a 20-minute time trial. Interleukins IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were measured before and after 15 minutes of completing the test by collecting a 5mL sample of venous blood. Results: The concentration of the interleukins showed no significant between the pre-test and post-test moments. The functional threshold power was FTP20.95%W=256.8±35.6. The power profile was FTP20.95%W•kg-1=4.2±1. Conclusions: IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α interleukins do not significantly increase when quantified 15 minutes post functional threshold power. Determining the functional threshold power does not induce inflammation. Therefore, the functional threshold power can be determined indistinctly in the training period within a cyclist's annual training of a cyclist's annual preparation, as a tool to monitor both training and physical training and physical performance in cyclists.
Keywords: Athletes; Cycling; Cytokines; Interleukins; Immune system
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