Balance and plantar load in different squatting techniques

Autores/as

  • Mateus Teixeira Matos Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2643-9722
  • Kailane Santos Alves Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7845-2295
  • Victor Coswig Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5461-7119
  • Thiago Mattos Frota de Souza Applied Kinesiology Laboratory–LCA, School of Physical Education, University of Campinas. Campinas, SP, Brazil.
  • Christian Emmanuel Torres Cabido https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-0128
  • Tatiana Acioli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9558-1113
  • Maria do Socorro Cirilo-Sousa Graduate Program Association of Physical Education, Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, Brazil and Department of Physical Education, Regional of University (URCA), Crato, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-3248
  • Felipe J Aidar Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7378-4529
  • Caian Façanha Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and Functionality, Federal University of Ceará Department of Physiotherapy; Fortaleza, CE, Brazil;
  • Fabiola Bertú Collegiate of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil; and Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2057-199X
  • Saulo Fernandes Melo Oliveira Physical Education Graduate Program, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil;
  • Claudio Oliveira Assumpção Department of Sport Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-5041
  • Túlio Banja Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Postgraduate Program in Physiotherapy and Functionality, Federal University of Ceará Department of Physiotherapy; Fortaleza, CE, Brazil; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-3205

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.104862

Palabras clave:

Equilibrio postural, Entrenamiento de fuerza, Sensor de fuerza

Resumen

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar el equilibrio dinámico y la carga plantar en diferentes técnicas de sentadillas, proporcionando información sobre la influencia de estos ejercicios en practicantes que incorporan levantamiento de pesas en sus rutinas de entrenamiento. Se analizó una muestra de 21 sujetos que realizaron tres técnicas de sentadilla: Sentadilla Trasera (ST), Sentadilla Frontal (SF) y Sentadilla de Arranque (SA). Los participantes adoptaron una postura de referencia y realizaron los ejercicios con aproximadamente el 50% de su RM para cada técnica de sentadilla. Se utilizó un sistema de medición de presión plantar para evaluar el desplazamiento del centro de presión (COP), la presión máxima (PM) y la carga plantar en diferentes regiones del pie. Se midió un ANOVA de Welch unidireccional considerando el desplazamiento del COP, la PM y el porcentaje de fuerza en cada región del pie. Los resultados no mostraron un efecto significativo de la técnica de sentadilla en la trayectoria del COP durante los ejercicios. Sin embargo, se observó una interacción significativa entre la técnica de sentadilla y la PM en comparación con la situación de equilibrio estático. Las tres sentadillas resultaron en una PM más alta que en el equilibrio estático, siendo la SA la que mostró los valores más altos, seguida por la SF y la ST. No se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las técnicas de sentadilla. Estos hallazgos sugieren que las diferentes técnicas de sentadilla pueden influir en la carga plantar, pero no afectan la trayectoria del COP durante la ejecución del ejercicio. La región del talón generó la mayor carga plantar entre las tres técnicas de sentadilla y debería recibir mayor atención durante la sentadilla y sus variaciones. Esta información puede ayudar en la prescripción de ejercicios y en el desarrollo de programas de entrenamiento más eficientes para levantadores de pesas.

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Publicado

2025-01-01

Cómo citar

Teixeira Matos, M. ., Santos Alves, K. ., Coswig, V. ., Mattos Frota de Souza, T. ., Torres Cabido, C. E. ., Acioli, T. ., … Banja, T. . (2025). Balance and plantar load in different squatting techniques. Retos, 62, 225–231. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.104862

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