Ataque del colocador en voleibol de alto nivel (The setter’s attack in high-level volleyball)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.103166Palabras clave:
Rendimiento deportivo, remate, finta, rol, complejo.Resumen
El objetivo del presente estudio fue mejorar la comprensión acerca del uso del ataque del colocador en competiciones de alto nivel. Se analizaron todos los partidos de los Juegos Olímpicos de Tokio 2020, registrando un total de 218 acciones de ataque del colocador. Para el análisis de los datos se empleó Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y un análisis de curvas ROC. El ataque del colocador obtuvo más puntos y creó menos errores cuando se realizó después de un excelente envío al colocador (X2 = 15.53; p = .004). En categoría femenina, el ataque del colocador fue utilizado con mayor frecuencia que en categoría masculina después de una calidad de envío al colocador excelente (X2=14.35; p=.001), empleando finta con una mano (X2=12.53; p=.002) y después de una recepción (X2=9.55; p=.023); mientras que en categoría masculina, se empleó con mayor frecuencia que en categoría femenina el ataque después de un pase previo aceptable (X2=14.35; p=.001), el ataque con remate (X2=12.53; p=.002), y el ataque después de realizar cobertura de ataque (X2=9.55; p=.023). Además, cuando se ejecutó un remate, la pelota se envió con mayor frecuencia a la zona zaguera del terreno de juego, mientras que la finta se empleó con mayor frecuencia en las zonas delanteras, especialmente la finta a una mano en la zona D2-3. En conclusión, se recomienda que el colocador ataque después de un envío excelente y se propone un mayor protagonismo del ataque de los colocadores en los sistemas de ataque de los equipos, como medio para aumentar su variabilidad y opciones de ataque, especialmente en categoría femenina.
Palabras clave: Rendimiento deportivo, remate, finta, rol, complejo.
Abstract. The aim of the present study was to improve the understanding of the use of the setter’s attack in top level competitions. All the matches from the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games were analyzed, totaling 218 actions of setter´s attack. For data analysis, Pearson's Chi-square and an analysis of ROC curves were used. The setter’s attack obtained more points and created less errors when performed after an excellent pass to the setter (X2=15.53; p=.004). In the female category, the attack by the setter was used more frequently than in the male category, after an excellent quality pass (X2=14.35; p=.001), using a one hand tip (X2=12.53; p=.002) and after receiving a serve (X2=9.55; p=.023); while in the male category, the attack after an acceptable pass (X2=14.35; p=.001), the attack with a spike (X2=12.53; p=.002), and the attack after attack coverage (X2=12.53; p=.002) were used more frequently than in the female category. Also, in general, when the spike was used, the ball was more frequently sent to the back row of the court, while the tip was used more frequently in the front areas, especially the one-hand tip on D2-3. In conclusion, a recommendation is made for the setter to attack after an excellent quality pass, and an assumption of greater prominence of the attack by the setters in the team’s attack systems, as a means of increasing their variability and their attack options, especially in the female category.
Keywords: Sport performance, spike, tip, volley, role, complex.
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