Impacto de dos programas de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre el bienestar y los síntomas de depresión en personas con trabajos sedentarios (The impact of two supervised physical activity programs on the well-being and depression symptoms of employees with sedentary jobs)

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.102341

Palabras clave:

organización deportiva, calidad de vida, salud mental, entorno laboral, actividad física

Resumen

Esta investigación examina el impacto de dos programas de ejercicio físico supervisado en el lugar de trabajo sobre el bienestar y los síntomas de depresión en personas con ocupaciones sedentarias. Las intervenciones se llevaron a cabo en tres empresas diferentes: una empresa de ingeniería de energías renovables, una compañía de seguros y una empresa de infraestructuras y servicios. Los programas tuvieron una frecuencia de tres y dos sesiones semanales respectivamente, orientadas a la mejora de la condición física general. La muestra de estudio fue de 54 trabajadores de las tres empresas. Se realizaron evaluaciones antes y después de las intervenciones para evaluar el impacto de los programas de ejercicio en el bienestar y en los síntomas depresivos. El bienestar se midió empleando el cuestionario SF-36 v2 (Alonso et al., 1995), y los síntomas depresivos con el cuestionario Escala de Depresión del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D) (Radloff, 1977). El primer programa propició una reducción significativa del dolor corporal (p=0.024; η2=0.18) y mejoras en la salud física global, mientras que el segundo mostró mejoras significativas en la vitalidad. Ambos programas redujeron significativamente los síntomas de depresión. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la implementación de programas de ejercicio físico en entornos laborales podría ser efectiva para mejorar el bienestar y reducir los síntomas depresivos en personas con trabajos sedentarios. Esto podría impulsar la creación de servicios específicos de ejercicio físico en el ámbito laboral ofrecidos por empresas que promueven la actividad deportiva.

Palabras clave: organización deportiva, calidad de vida, salud mental, entorno laboral, actividad física.

Abstract. This research examines the impact of two supervised exercise programs on the well-being and depression symptoms of employees with sedentary jobs. The actions took place in three corporations: a renewal power engineering company, an insurance company and an infrastructure and services company. These programs had a two-three days per week periodicity focused on the general physical condition. The sample included 54 participants from the three corporations. Pre- and post-evaluations took place to assess the impact of physical activity on the well-being of the employees and their depression symptoms. Well-being was measured with the SF-36 questionnaire v2 (Alonso et al., 1995), and the depressive symptoms with the Center of Epidemiological Studies of Depression Scale (CES D) (Radloff, 1977). The first program results showed significant improvement regarding corporal pain (p=0.024; η2=0.18) and improvements in global health; the second program produces significant improvements on vitality. Both programs significantly reduced depression symptoms. Present findings suggest that the implementation of exercise programs in labour environments could be effective in improving well-being and decreasing depressive symptoms in employees with sedentary jobs. The creation of specific physical activity services in labour environments offered by companies promoting physical exercise could be boosted taking into consideration these findings.

Keywords: sports management, quality of life, mental health, workplace, physical activity.

Citas

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2024-07-01

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Clemente Remón, Ángel L. ., Jiménez-Beatty Navarro, J. E. ., Martín Rodríguez, M. ., & Santacruz Lozano, J. A. (2024). Impacto de dos programas de ejercicio físico supervisado sobre el bienestar y los síntomas de depresión en personas con trabajos sedentarios (The impact of two supervised physical activity programs on the well-being and depression symptoms of employees with sedentary jobs). Retos, 56, 949–958. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.102341

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas