Cuestionario de salud y rendimiento en esports desde el punto de vista de los entrenadores: diseño y validación mediante el método Delphi (Health and performance questionnaire in esports from the coaches' point of view: design and validation using the Delphi method)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.101701Palabras clave:
Esports, entrenadores, rendimiento, salud, método DelphiResumen
Los deportes electrónicos están creciendo rápidamente en términos de impacto económico y social. Este crecimiento conlleva la evolución de los clubes, que lleva al desarrollo profesional de sus jugadores y entrenadores. A pesar del protagonismo de los jugadores, los entrenadores desempeñan un papel crucial en el control de las variables de salud y rendimiento en los deportes electrónicos, lo que les confiere una gran relevancia. Sin embargo, la perspectiva de los entrenadores respecto a estas variables es actualmente desconocida. Por ello, esta investigación se propuso diseñar y validar, mediante el método Delphi, un cuestionario centrado en el punto de vista de los entrenadores sobre aspectos de salud y rendimiento en los deportes electrónicos. Se consultó a un grupo de 8 expertos, los cuales cumplieron con los criterios de validez de la investigación. Posteriormente, se elaboró un cuestionario de 17 preguntas, dividido en las categorías de "Salud" y "Videojuego". El cuestionario procedió a validarse mediante el método Delphi a través de dos rondas de consulta. Se aplicó el coeficiente V de Aiken con un intervalo de confianza del 95% y, con un límite inferior de V de 0.75 y un mínimo de 0.7 para el límite inferior global. Los resultados mostraron que los 17 ítems cumplían los criterios establecidos (V≥0.75, Límite inferior > 0.7), lo que confirma su validez. Sobre la base de los datos obtenidos, este cuestionario representa una herramienta válida para conocer la perspectiva de los entrenadores sobre dos aspectos fundamentales en los deportes electrónicos: la salud y las claves de rendimiento. Además, se trata del primer cuestionario específicamente enfocado a este colectivo.
Palabras clave: esports, entrenadores, rendimiento, salud, método Delphi.
Abstract. Sports are growing rapidly in terms of economic and social impact. This growth entails the evolution of clubs, leading to the professional development of their players and coaches. Despite the prominence of players, coaches play a crucial role in controlling health and performance variables in esports, giving them fundamental relevance. However, the perspective of coaches regarding these variables is currently unknown. Therefore, this research aimed to design and validate, using the Delphi method, a questionnaire focused on the viewpoint of coaches on health and performance aspects in esports. A group of eight experts, who met the validity criteria for the research, was consulted. Subsequently, a 17-item questionnaire was developed, divided into the categories of "Health" and "Video Game." The questionnaire was then validated through the Delphi method in two rounds of consultation. The Aiken's V coefficient was applied with a 95% confidence interval, with a lower V limit of 0.75 and a minimum of 0.7 for the overall lower limit. The results showed that all 17 items met the established criteria (V≥0.75, Lower limit > 0.7), confirming their validity. Based on the obtained data, this questionnaire represents a valid tool for understanding the perspective of coaches on two fundamental aspects of esports: health and performance keys. Additionally, this is the first questionnaire specifically focused on this target group.
Key Words: esports, coaches, performance, health, Delphi method.
Citas
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