Un enfoque integrado para corregir el estado físico y psicoemocional de estudiantes que trabajan con niños migrantes (An integrated approach to Correcting the Physical and Psychoemotional State of female students working with migrant children)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101005Palabras clave:
correction program, physical condition, psycho-emotional well-being, female students, immigrant childrenResumen
El artículo tiene como objetivo investigar la eficacia del programa del autor “Corrección del estado físico y psicoemocional de estudiantes que trabajan con niños inmigrantes”, que combina clases prácticas de psicoentrenamiento y clases de entrenamiento en salud y fitness. Materiales y métodos. El programa incluye sesiones prácticas de psicoentrenamiento para desarrollar el bienestar psicológico, la resistencia al estrés y la armonía psicológica, y sesiones de entrenamiento fitness saludable para mejorar el estado funcional del cuerpo. El programa integra aspectos físicos y psicológicos de la salud. En el experimento pedagógico participaron 44 alumnas de 1º y 2º año de la Facultad de Cultura Física y Salud Humana de la Universidad Nacional Yuri Fedkovich de Chernivtsi. Resultados. Encontramos que el programa de corrección del estado físico y psicoemocional de las alumnas, que incluía clases prácticas de psicoentrenamiento y clases de entrenamiento físico para la salud, contribuyó a una disminución en los valores de peso corporal, circunferencia de cintura, circunferencia de cadera y circunferencia pélvica (p<0,05; p<0,001). Los resultados mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p<0,05; p<0,001) entre la etapa inicial y final del estudio. Después de utilizar el programa desarrollado, observamos cambios estadísticamente significativos (p <0,05) en los niveles de ansiedad personal y situacional. El porcentaje de alumnas con un nivel alto de ansiedad situacional disminuyó del 27,3 % al 0,0 %, y el nivel medio disminuyó del 54,5 % al 15,9 %. La ansiedad de la personalidad también se redujo de un máximo del 43,2 % al 0,0 %, y el nivel intermedio disminuyó del 54,5 % al 20,5 %. Conclusiones. Los resultados de nuestro estudio confirman la eficacia del programa del autor “Corrección del estado físico y psicoemocional de estudiantes que trabajan con niños migrantes” para mejorar el desarrollo físico, el estado funcional de los sistemas cardiovascular y respiratorio, y bienestar psicológico de los participantes. La aplicación del programa supuso una disminución de la ansiedad, una mejora de la composición corporal, una reducción del volumen de tejido adiposo y un aumento de las capacidades de adaptación del organismo.
Palabras clave: programa correccional, condición física, bienestar psicoemocional, estudiantes mujeres, niños inmigrantes.
Abstract. The article aims to investigate the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the Physical and Psychoemotional state of female students working with migrant children”, which combines psycho-training practical classes and training classes in health fitness. Materials and methods. The program includes psycho-training practical sessions to develop psychological well-being, stress resistance and psychological harmony, and health fitness training sessions to improve the body's functional state. The program integrates physical and psychological aspects of health. Forty-four female students of the 1st-2nd years of the Yuriy Fedkovich Chernivtsi National University of the Faculty of Physical Culture and Human Health took part in the pedagogical experiment. Results. We found that the program for correcting the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students, which included psycho-training practical classes and health fitness training classes, contributed to a decrease in the values of body weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and pelvic circumference (p<0.05; p<0.001). The results showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05; p<0.001) between the initial and final stages of the study. After using the developed program, we observed statistically significant changes (p < 0.05) in situational and personal anxiety levels. The percentage of female students with a high level of situational anxiety decreased from 27.3 % to 0.0 %, and the average level decreased from 54.5 % to 15.9 %. Personality anxiety also reduced from a high of 43.2 % to 0.0 %, and the intermediate level decreased from 54.5 % to 20.5 %. Conclusions. The results of our study confirm the effectiveness of the author's program “Correction of the physical and psycho-emotional state of female students working with migrant children” in improving the physical development, functional state of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and psychological well-being of the participants. The application of the program led to a decrease in anxiety, an improvement in body composition, a reduction in the volume of adipose tissue, and an increase in the adaptation capabilities of the body.
Key words: correction program, physical condition, psycho-emotional well-being, female students, immigrant children.
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