Perspectivas para el África Austral ante el nuevo marco de relaciones comerciales con la Unión Europea
Palabras clave:
África Austral, Sudáfrica, Unión Europea, ACP, relaciones económicas, Política comercialResumen
Revista CIDOB d’Afers Internacionals, nº 56
Cuatrimestral (2001)
ISSN:1133-6595 | E-ISSN:2013-035X
En el contexto de la llamada globalización o mundialización, nos encontramos con el proceso de liberalización de los intercambios en el mercado de bienes y servicios, consecuencia, tanto de los diferentes proyectos de integración regional puestos en marcha como del proceso de liberalización multilateral gestionado en el marco del GATT-OMC. Paralelamente a este proceso, se produce recientemente la expiración del plazo de los acuerdos que regulaban, entre otros aspectos, las relaciones comerciales de los países ACP (África, Caribe, Pacífico) con la Unión Europea, dentro del ámbito de su política de cooperación al desarrollo determinada en función de los Acuerdos de Lomé. Los países del África Austral han vivido este proceso de revitalización de una manera especialmente intensa a partir del fin de la era apartheid, y de la consiguiente reubicación de Sudáfrica en el contexto regional e internacional. Así pues, la participación de Sudáfrica en algunos de los grupos regionales que conviven en el subcontinente (SACU y SADC principalmente), la firma del tratado de libre comercio entre ésta y la UE, y el reciente Acuerdo de Cotonou sobre la base del respeto a la normativa GATT-OMC, suponen una reconfiguración de las relaciones comerciales de las economías de la región, tanto entre ellas, como respecto a sus ex metrópolis colonizadoras, poniendo sobre la mesa una larga serie de incógnitas sobre el futuro de éstas en su camino hacia el desarrollo.
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