Acute effects of basketball competition on physical performance factors in under-18 female players. [Influencia de la competición sobre los factores de rendimiento físico en jugadoras de baloncesto sub-18].

Abstract

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse and quantify the acute effects of competition on several performance factors in young female basketball players, between playing positions. To this end, 37 regional league players (17.21 ± 0.44 years) performed various tests to measure the rate of perceived of effort, sprint times and jump capacity immediately pre-match (T1), at half-time (T2) and post-match (T3). Tests included measuring perceived effort (RPE), sprinting for 20 metres based on time across 10 m and 20 m and performance of countermovement jumps (CMJ). For subsequent analysis, the sample was divided into three playing positions: guards (n=11), forwards (n=15) and centres (n=11). Associated with the expected increases of RPE (from 0.3-0.5 to 7.1-7.3), results showed very likely negative effects with performance decreased from T1 to T3 measures in 20 m (3.51% for guards) and in CMJ (13.7% for forwards). We found likely and very likely negative effects between T1 and T2 in all positions but we did not between T2 and T3 in CMJ. These findings highlight the need to individualise fitness training, taking into account the match needs and demands of the different playing positions in order to minimise the effects of match fatigue and accelerate post-match recovery.

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar y cuantificar los efectos agudos de la competición en distintas capacidades físicas en jugadoras sub-18 de baloncesto. Para tal fin, 37 jugadoras de nivel regional (17,21 ± 0,44 años) mostraron el esfuerzo percibido (RPE), realizaron un sprint de 20 m y se les midió la capacidad de salto inmediatamente antes del inicio partido (T1), en el descanso (T2) y después del partido (T3). En la prueba de sprint se registraron los tiempos en los 10 m iniciales y en el total de los 20 m, mientras que la capacidad de salto se valoró con un salto con contramovimiento (CMJ). Para el análisis posterior, la muestra se dividió en tres posiciones de juego: bases (n = 11), aleros (n = 15) y pívots (n = 11). Asociados con los aumentos esperados de RPE (de 0,3-0,5 a 7,1-7,3), los resultados mostraron una disminución del rendimiento con efectos “muy probables” de T1 a T3 en 20 m (3,51 % para las bases) y en CMJ (13,7 % para las aleros). Encontramos efectos negativos “probables” y “muy probables” entre T1 y T2 en todas las posiciones, pero no entre T2 y T3 en CMJ. Estos hallazgos ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de individualizar el entrenamiento físico, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades y demandas del partido de las diferentes posiciones de juego para minimizar los efectos de la fatiga del partido y acelerar la recuperación a su finalización.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2020.06104

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