Asimetrías neuromusculares entre miembros inferiores en jugadores de hockey sobre patines. [Lower limb neuromuscular asymmetry in roller hockey players].

Resumen

El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar y cuantificar las asimetrías neuromusculares entre las extremidades inferiores que presentan los jugadores de hockey sobre patines.  Un objetivo secundario fue correlacionar el índice de asimetrías (ASI) entre las diferentes pruebas neuromusculares testadas. Un total de 27 jugadores de sexo masculino de hockey sobre patines (edad = 20,59 ± 3,81 años) realizaron diferentes pruebas neuromusculares de forma unilateral: 1) Test de salto vertical con contra-movimiento (SLCJ), 2) Batería de saltos horizontales (Hop test: single, triple y crossover hop test) y 3) Prueba de velocidad con cambio de dirección (COD test). Se observaron diferencias significativas (p <0,05) al comparar el rendimiento de las extremidades inferiores para todas las capacidades neuromusculares testadas. La media del ASI entre miembros inferiores de los jugadores osciló entre el 4,93% y el 9,60% en función del test, siendo máxima en el SLCJ (9,60%). En un 33,3% de los jugadores de la muestra se observó un ASI >10% en el test de SLCJ, situación considerada como posible factor de riesgo de lesión. Solamente se obtuvo una correlación significativa entre el SLCJ y el COD test. En consecuencia, y con el objetivo de identificar las asimetrías entre miembros inferiores, es importante considerar la valoración de las diferencias capacidades neuromusculares.

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to compare and quantify the neuromuscular lower limb asymmetries present in roller hockey players and its link to high risk of injury. A secondary purpose was to correlate the index of asymmetries (ASI) between the different neuromuscular tests performed. 27 male roller hockey players (age = 20.59 ± 3.81 years) performed the single leg countermovement jump (SLCJ), the Hop Test battery (single hop test, triple hop test and crossover hop test) and the change of direction test (COD test). Significant differences were observed (p <0.05) between the lower limb established according to the objective criterion of dominant and non-dominant leg for all tasks. The average difference of the ASI between players' legs ranges from 4.93% to 9.60% depending on the test, being maximum in the single leg countermovement jump (9.60%). A 33.3% of the players in the sample obtained an ASI> 10% in the SLCJ, a situation considered as an injury risk factor. Only a significant correlation was obtained between the SLCJ and the COD test. Consequently, it is suggested that the complete neuromuscular profile between lower limbs be evaluated with the different tests, for both in the conditioning programs and in the injury prevention and return-to- play.

https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2018.05406

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