Impact of different judo rules: analysis of scores and penalties in Paris Grand Slam Championships. [Impacto de las diferentes reglas de judo: análisis de puntuaciones y penalizaciones en los Campeonatos de Grand Slam de París].
Palabras clave:
Combat sports, technical-tactical analysis, punishments, scores, competition, deportes de combate, análisis técnico-táctico, penas, puntuaciones, competiciónResumen
Abstract
In the last two decades, the International Judo Federation (IJF) has been implementing a series of changes in its official rules, in order to improve efficiency and achieve more dynamism in judo combat. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze the effects of judo rule changes proposed by IJF in three periods (2011, 2016 and 2017), considering the scores and penalties in the Grand Slam Paris (GSP). The values of the scores (yuko, wazari and ippon) and the penalties (shido) were relativized by the total number of matches. The normality of data was assessed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test (or t-test when necessary) were used to compare the scores, penalties and the efficiency index among GSP2011, GSP2016 and GSP2017. The significance level was set at p< 0.05.The results indicated that GSP2016 presented higher incidence of penalties in the general male teams and lower number of yuko score compared to the GSP2011 and GSP2017, while the GSP2011 showed higher efficiency in the female teams (general and medalists). Ippon was the score that determined the outcome of the matches in GSP2011 and GSP2017 particularly for male medalist teams. We conclude that the rule changes in the GSP2016 deviated from the IJF objectives compared to GSP2011 and GSP2017, considering the greater importance of scores than punishments.
Resumen
En las últimas dos décadas, la Federación Internacional de Judo (IJF) ha estado implementando una serie de cambios en sus reglas oficiales, con el fin de mejorar la eficiencia y lograr más dinamismo en el combate de judo. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue analizar los efectos de los cambios en las normas de judo propuestas por IJF en tres períodos (2011, 2016 y 2017) teniendo en cuenta las puntuaciones y penalizaciones en el Grand Slam de París (GSP). Los valores de las puntuaciones (yuko, wazari e ippon) y las penalizaciones (shido) se relativizaron por el número total de combates. La normalidad de los datos se evaluó mediante la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. El análisis de varianza de dos vías y la prueba post hoc de Bonferroni (o prueba t-test cuando fue necesario) se usaron para comparar las puntuaciones, las penalizaciones y el índice de eficiencia entre GSP2011, GSP2016 y GSP2017. El nivel de significancia se estableció en p< 0,05. Los resultados indicaron que GSP2016 presentó una mayor incidencia de penalizaciones en los equipos masculinos generales y un menor número de puntajes de yuko en comparación con el GSP2011 y GSP2017. Mientras que el GSP2011 mostró una mayor eficiencia en los equipos femeninos (general y medallistas). Ippon fue la puntuación que determinó el resultado de los combates en GSP2011 y GSP2017, especialmente para los equipos de medallistas masculinos. Concluimos que los cambios en la norma en el GSP2016 se desviaron de los objetivos de IJF en comparación con GSP2011 y GSP2017, considerando la mayor importancia de las puntuaciones que las penalizaciones.
https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2018.05404
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