Covid-19 y medios de servicio público: impacto de la pandemia en la televisión pública en Europa

Autores/as

Palabras clave:

Televisión, Emisoras, Cadenas, Medios de servicio público, PSM, Impacto, Audiencias, Programación televisiva, Estrategias de producción, Covid-19, Coronavirus, Pandemias, Publicidad, Plataformas, Noticias, Co-creación, Interactividad, Tendencias, Europa

Resumen

Se analiza la respuesta de los medios de servicio público europeos a la crisis provocada por la Covid-19, especialmente el impacto de la pandemia en las principales televisiones públicas de Europa, con un enfoque particular sobre las limitaciones técnicas y profesionales, las alteraciones en el volumen y hábitos de la audiencia, en las estrategias de producción, en el tipo de contenidos emitidos y en las rutinas de los periodistas. La investigación se basa en información pública de la Unión Europea de Radiodifusión (EBU) y en 19 entrevistas en profundidad y estructuradas a una muestra de conveniencia formada por responsables de innovación y estrategia de televisiones públicas de Alemania (ARD y ZDF), Austria (ORF), Bélgica (VRT y RTBF), Dinamarca (DR), España (RTVE), Finlandia (YLE), Francia (France TV), Gran Bretaña (BBC), Holanda (NPO), Irlanda (RTí‰), Italia (RAI), Portugal (RTP), Suecia (SVT), Suiza (RTS) y de la European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Los resultados indican que se aumentó la proyección corporativa de los medios de servicio público enfatizando su papel como servicios esenciales y la defensa de los valores que los caracterizan. La pandemia obligó a adaptar la producción de los programas desde el enfoque técnico hacia el emocional, acelerándose una hibridación formal con los contenidos de la Red. Creció la dependencia del software y se alteraron los procesos de newsmaking hacia el "˜periodismo remoto´. Se dibujan cambios que pueden mantenerse en el futuro.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Arriaza-Ibarra, Karen; Nowak, Eva; Kuhn, Raymond (eds.) (2015). Public service media in Europe: a comparative approach. New York: Routledge. ISBN: 978 1 138020689

BBC (2020a). BBC launches new film to demonstrate its role as a public service broadcaster in a time of national crisis. British Broadcasting Corporation. https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/latestnews/2020/coronavirus-film

BBC (2020b). Coronavirus: Fake news crackdown by UK government. BBC, 30 March. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52086284

BBC R&D (2018). Building a public service Internet. What might a Internet that upholds public service values look like? https://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/projects/public-service-internet

Blaug, Ricardo; Horner, Louise; Lekhi, Rohit (2006). Public value, politics and public management. London: The Work Foundation. ISBN: 978 1 626162624

Bonini, Tiziano; Pais, Ivana (2017). "Hacking public service media funding: A scenario for rethinking the license fee as a form of civic crowdfunding". International journal on media management, v. 19, n. 2, pp. 123-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/14241277.2017.1298109

Brink-Lund, Anker; Ferrell-Lowe, Gregory (2016). "Public service broadcasting". In: Mazzoleni, G. (2016), The internacional encyclopedia of political communication. The Willey Blackwell-ICA. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118541555.wbiepc178

Bruns, Axel (2008). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second Life, and beyond: from production to produsage. Peter Lang Publishing. ISBN: 978 0 8204 8867 7

Casero-Ripollés, Andreu (2020). "Impact of Covid-19 on the media system. Communicative and democratic consequences of news consumption during the outbreak". El profesional de la información, v. 29, n. 2, e290223. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.mar.23

Cerezo, Pepe (2020). El impacto de la pandemia en la prensa. http://evocaimagen.com/dosieres/dosier-evoca-09-medios-y-coronavirus.pdf

Chadha, Rishi (2020). From esports to game launches, here´s why conversations around video games are surging on Twitter. Twitter, 22 April. https://marketing.twitter.com/na/en/insights/covid19-gaming-conversation-trends

Cimino, Francesca; Besson, Léa (2020). Update: Covid-19 crisis PSM audience performance. Geneva: EBU. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/research/membersonly/report/covid-19-crisis-the-impact-on-digital-media-consumption

Cimino, Francesca; Hartmann, Florence; Besson, Léa; Speck, Dominik (2020). Covid-19 crisis PSM audience performance. Geneva: EBU. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/research/membersonly/report/covid-19-crisis-psm-audience-performance

Costa-Sánchez, Carmen; López-Garcí­a, Xosé (2020). "Comunicación y crisis del coronavirus en España. Primeras lecciones". El profesional de la información, v. 29, n. 3, e290304. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.may.04

Curran, Noel (2020). Covid-19 crisis makes compelling case for digital transformation. EBU, 3 June. https://www.ebu.ch/news/2020/06/covid-19-crisis-makes-compelling-case-for-digital-transformation

De-Tender, Jean-Philip (2020). "Preface". In: Casebook, The digital transformation initiative. European Broadcasting Union. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/strategic/membersonly/case-study/the-digital-transformation-casebook

De-Tender, Jean-Philip; Eeman, Ezra; Scott, Sasha; O´Sullivan, Eoghan; Zakka, Grace (2020). Casebook. The Digital Transformation Initiative. European Broadcasting Union. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/strategic/membersonly/case-study/the-digital-transformation-casebook

EBU (2014). Public service values. Editorial principles and guidelines. https://www.ebuc.ch/mis

EBU (2019). Funding of public service media 2019: Public version. EBU Media Intelligence Service. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/research/members_only/report/funding-of-public-service-media-2019

EBU (2020a). Lessons from lockdown exploring childrens broadcasting. European Broadcasting Union. https://www.ebu.ch/news/2020/05/ebu-lessons-from-lockdown-exploring-childrens-broadcasting

EBU (2020b). Lessons from lockdown exploring sports broadcasting. European Broadcasting Union. https://www.ebu.ch/news/2020/06/ebu-lessons-from-lockdown-exploring-sport-broadcasting

EBU (2020c). The Digital Transformation Initiative (DTI) Casebook, 20 April. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/strategic/membersonly/case-study/the-digital-transformation-casebook

EBU (2020d). Gender equality and diversity implications of Covid-19 crisis for public service media. EBU, April. https://www.ebu.ch/files/live/sites/ebu/files/Publications/strategic/open/COVID19%20Gender%20and%20Diversity%20Implications%20of%20PSM%20REPORT%20April%202020.pdf

Fernández-Quijada, David; Speck, Dominik (2020). Covid-19 crisis. Public radio response to the pandemic. Geneva: EBU. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/research/loginonly/report/covid-19-crisis-public-radio-response-to-the-pandemic

Freedman, Des (2016). Public service boradcasitng: when the status quo won´t do. Media Policy Project Blog LSE. http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/mediapolicyproject/2016/12/02/public-service-broadcasting-when-the-status-quo-wont-do/

Fuchs, Christian (2018). The online advertising tax as the foundation of a public service internet. London: University of Westminster Press.

Hallin, Daniel; Mancini, Paolo (2004). Comparing media systems. Three models of the media and politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 978 0 521543088

Howcroft, Chloe (2020). The financial impact of Covid-19 on European public broadcasters. Public Media Alliance. https://www.publicmediaalliance.org/the-financial-impacts-of-covid-19-on-european-public-broadcasters

Hutchinson, Jonathon (2017). Cultural intermediaries: Audience participation in media organisations. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66287-9

Iosifidis, Petros (2010). Retos y estrategias del servicio puÌblico de televisioÌn en Europa. In: InfoameÌrica: Iberoamerican communication review, n. 3-4, pp. 7-21. https://www.infoamerica.org/icr/n03_04/iosifidis.pdf

Jutkowitz, Mark; Michel, Amy (2020). Cable TV and Covid-19: how Americans perceive the outbreak and view-media coverage differ by main news source. Pew Research Center. https://www.journalism.org/2020/04/01/cable-tv-and-covid-19-how-americans-perceive-the-outbreak-and-view-media-coverage-differ-by-main-news-source

Karppinen, Kari; Moe, Hallvard (2016). "What we talk about when talk about "˜Media independence´". Javnost-The public, v. 23, n. 2, pp. 105-119. https://doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2016.1162986

Radu, Raluca (2018). Europe´s public service media: No common strategy. European Journalism Observatory, 14 August. https://en.ejo.ch/media-economics/europes-public-service-media-no-common-strategy

Robbins, Stephen; Judge, Tymothy A. (2009). Comportamiento organizacional, 13rd ed. México: Pearson. ISBN: 978 607 442 098 2

Rosenmeier, Cecilie (2020). Broadcast community sing-along gathers Danes through corona isolation. Denmark: DR, 2 April. https://www.dr.dk/om-dr/about-dr/broadcast-community-sing-along-gathers-danes-through-corona-isolation

Scott, Sasha (2020). How is the crisis impacting digital transformation for PSM? Early insights. DTI, EBU. https://www.ebu.ch/events/2020/05/digital-transformation-initiative--covid19-roundtable

SimilarWeb (2020). SimilarWeb Coronavirus Data & Insights Hub. https://www.similarweb.com/coronavirus

Speck, Dominik (2020). Market insights. Trust in media 2020. Geneva: EBU. https://www.ebu.ch/publications/research/login_only/report/trust-in-media

Van-den-Bulck, Hilde; Broughton-Micova, Sally; Milosavljevic, Marko (2018). Screens engaged: Communication law and policy: issues of concern. https://ecrea.eu/Newsletter/5980236

Vanhaeght, Anne-Sophie; Donders, Karen (2015). "Interaction, co-creation and participation in PSM literature, policy and strategy". Medijske studije, v. 6, n. 12, pp. 46-62. https://hrcak.srce.hr/ojs/index.php/medijske-studije/article/view/6153

Vaz-Álvarez, Martí­n; Túñez-López, José-Miguel; Frazí£o-Nogueira, Ana-Gabriela (2020). "Co-creating value in European public service media". Cisti´2020, 15ª Conferencia ibérica de sistemas y tecnologí­as de información. http://www.aisti.eu/index.php/es/12-news/38-cisti-2017-12-conferencia-iberica-de-sistemas-y-tecnologias-de-informacion

Descargas

Publicado

2020-10-29

Cómo citar

Túñez-López, M., Vaz-Álvarez, M., & Fieiras-Ceide, C. (2020). Covid-19 y medios de servicio público: impacto de la pandemia en la televisión pública en Europa. Profesional De La información Information Professional, 29(5). Recuperado a partir de https://revista.profesionaldelainformacion.com/index.php/EPI/article/view/81201

Número

Sección

Artí­culos de investigación Covid-19 / Covid-19 research articles