La genealogía de Felipe V de España (1700-46) en Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies: un argumento jacobita
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24162/EI2025-13193Palabras clave:
Felipe V, Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies, genealogías irlandesas, Jacobismo, Guerra de Sucesión EspañolaResumen
Las genealogías medievales y de comienzos de la Edad Moderna no suelen ser meros registros de ascendencia biológica, sino más bien declaraciones ideológicas utilizadas para establecer conexiones políticas y culturales, crear jerarquías y clasificar la sociedad. Irlanda tenía una de las tradiciones genealógicas aristocráticas más desarrolladas de la Europa medieval, que alcanzó su culminación a mediados del siglo XVII en manuscritos como el Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies (Royal Irish Academy MS 23 D 17). A ese manuscrito, un escriba posteriormente añadió una genealogía patrilineal de Felipe V, primer rey Borbón de España (1700-24 y 1724-46). Esta es una aportación un tanto peculiar, dado que este vasto corpus no incluía gobernantes extranjeros. Esa genealogía de 124 generaciones presenta a Felipe V como hijo del monarca Felipe IV (1605-65), de los Habsburgo, que en realidad fue su bisabuelo por vía materna (la hija de Felipe IV, María Teresa, fue esposa de Luis XIV de Francia). Como se explica en este artículo, se trata una anomalía deliberada, con la intención de promover su reclamación al trono español durante la Guerra de Sucesión (1700-14), al situar a Felipe V en sucesión directa del último monarca español del que descendía. La recopilación de esta genealogía, solamente hallada en el manuscrito irlandés y de seguro proveniente de un ejemplar impreso en el continente, estuvo motivada por el apoyo hacia el exiliado Jacobo III (el “Viejo Pretendiente”, que reclamaba las coronas de Inglaterra, Escocia e Irlanda), ya que la Francia borbónica, y más tarde la España borbónica, se convirtieron en los principales apoyos de los jacobitas en sus intentos de recuperar los tres reinos. La genealogía de Felipe V es un producto único de una tradición literaria jacobita irlandesa en la que, en el resto de sus expresiones, predominan la poesía y la canción.
Citas
Casey, Denis (2013). “Irish Pseudohistory in Conall Mag Eochagáin’s Annals of Clonmacnoise.” Proceedings of the Harvard Celtic Colloquium 32: 74-94.
______ (2020). “‘A Man of no Mean Standing’: The Career and Legacy of Donnchad mac Briain (ob. 1064).” Peritia: Journal of the Medieval Academy of Ireland 31: 29-57.
Claydon, Tony (2008 [2004]). “William III and I (1650-1702).” Oxford Dictionary of National Biography in Association with the British Academy; From the Earliest Times to the Year 2000, edited by H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison, 60 vols. Oxford: Oxford Univesity Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/ref:odnb/29450
Cohen, Paul (2004). “In Search of the Trojan Origins of French: The Uses of History in the Elevation of the Vernacular in Early Modern France.” Fantasies of Troy: Classical Tales and the Social Imaginary in Medieval and Early Modern Europe, edited by Alan Shepard and Stephen D. Powell. Toronto: Centre for Reformation and Renaissance Studies. 63-80.
Corp, Edward (2001). “The Irish at the Jacobite Court of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.” The Irish in Europe, 1580-1815, edited by Thomas O’Connor. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 143-56.
Cunningham, Bernadette (2004 [2000]). The World of Geoffrey Keating: History, Myth and Religion in Seventeenth-Century Ireland. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
______ (2010). The Annals of the Four Masters: Irish History, Kingship and Society in the Early Seventeenth Century. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
Downey, Declan M. (2014). “Beneath the Harp and Burgundian Cross: Irish Regiments in the Spanish Bourbon Army, 1700-1818.” Presencia Irlandesa en la Milicia Española (The Irish Presence in the Spanish Military – 16th to 20th Centuries), edited by Hugo O’Donnell. Madrid: Imprenta Ministerio de Defensa. 83-105.
Downey, Declan M. and Julio Crespo MacLennan, eds. (2006). Spanish-Irish Relations Through the Ages: New Historical Perspectives. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
Guthrie, Neil (2013). The Material Culture of the Jacobites. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
James, Edward (1988). The Franks. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
Kamen, Henry (2001). Philip V of Spain: The King who Reigned Twice. New Haven and London: Yale University Press.
Kane, Brendan (2010). The Politics and Culture of Honour in Britain and Ireland, 1541-1641. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
______ (2011). “Languages of Legitimacy? An Ghaeilge, the Earl of Thomond and British Politics in the Renaissance Pale, 1600-24.” Dublin and the Pale in the Renaissance, c.1540-1660, edited by Michael Potterton and Thomas Herron. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 267-79.
______ (2018). “A World of Honour: Aristocratic Mentalité.” The Cambridge History of Ireland II: 1550-1730, edited by Jane Ohlmeyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 482-505.
Kiefer, Lauren (2005). “Review of Shepard and Powell (eds) Fantasies of Troy: Classical Tales and the Social Imaginary in Medieval and Early Modern Europe.” ESC: English Studies in Canada 31 (4): 240-43.
Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval [Massue, Melville Henry], ed. (1904). Jacobite Peerage: Baronetage, Knightage and Grants of Honour. Edinburgh: T.C. and E.C. Jack.
Mac Cárthaigh, Eoin (2009). “Ó Cléirigh, Cú Choigcríche (O’Clery, Peregrine).” Dictionary of Irish Biography From the Earliest Times to the Year 2002, edited by James McGuire and James Quinn, 9 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.006305.v1
Mac Craith, Mícheál (2006). “Literature in Irish, c.1550-1690: From Elizabethan Settlement to the Battle of the Boyne.” The Cambridge History of Irish Literature vol. 1, edited by Margaret Kelleher and Philip O’Leary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 191-231.
McGettigan, Darren (2009). “O’Rourke (Ó Ruairc), Brian Ballach.” Dictionary of Irish Biography From the Earliest Times to the Year 2002, edited by James McGuire and James Quinn, 9 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.007029.v1
Maginn, Christopher (2009). “Whose Island?: Sovereignty in Late Medieval and Early Modern Ireland.” Éire-Ireland 44 (3-4): 229-47.
McGrath, Charles Ivar (2018). “Politics, 1692-1730.” The Cambridge History of Ireland II: 1550-1730, edited by Jane Ohlmeyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 120-43.
MacNeill, Eoin (1932). “The Vita Tripartita of St. Patrick.” Ériu 11: 1-41.
Morley, Vincent (2002). Irish Opinion and the American Revolution, 1760-1783. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
______ (2018). “Irish Jacobitism, 1691-1790.” The Cambridge History of Ireland III: 1730-1880, edited by James Kelly. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 23-47.
Morris, John, ed. and trans. (1980). Nennius. British History and the Welsh Annals. London: Phillimore.
Nicholls, K. W. (1975). “The Irish Genealogies: Their Value and Defects.” Irish Genealogist 5 (2): 256-61.
Ó Buachalla, Breandán (1993). “James Our True King: The Ideology of Irish Royalism in the Seventeenth Century.” Political Thought in Ireland Since the Seventeenth Century, edited by D. George Boyce, Robert Eccleshall and Vincent Geoghegan. London and New York: Routledge. 7-35.
______ (1996). Aisling Ghéar: Na Stíobhartaigh agus an t-Aos Léinn, 1603-1788. Dublin: An Clóchomhar.
O’Byrne, Emmett (2009). “O’Rourke (Ó Ruairc), Brian Óg.” Dictionary of Irish Biography From the Earliest Times to the Year 2002, edited by James McGuire and James Quinn, 9 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.007028.v1
Ó Ciardha, Éamonn (2002). Ireland and the Jacobite Cause, 1685-1766: A Fatal Attachment. Dublin: Four Courts Press.
______ (2009). “Fitzjames, James.” Dictionary of Irish Biography From the Earliest Times to the Year 2002, edited by James McGuire and James Quinn, 9 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.3318/dib.003220.v1
Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1997). “Creating the Past: The Early Irish Genealogical Tradition.” Chronicon 1: 1-32. http://www.ucc.ie/chronicon/ocorrfra.htm. Reprinted as: Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998). “Creating the Past: The Early Irish Genealogical Tradition.” Peritia: Journal of the Medieval Academy of Ireland 12: 177-208.
______ (1998). “Viking Ireland: Afterthoughts.” Ireland and Scandinavia in the Early Viking Age, edited by Howard B. Clarke, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh and Raghnall Ó Floinn. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 421-52.
Ó Cuív, Brian (1979). “Borrowed Elements in the Corpus of Irish Personal Names From Medieval Times.” Nomina 3: 40-51.
O’Donovan, John, ed. and trans. (1856). Annala Rioghachta Eireann: Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland by the Four Masters; From the Earliest Period to the Year 1616, 2nd edition, 7 vols. Dublin: Hodges, Smith and Co.
O’Hart, John, ed. (1892). Irish Pedigrees or the Origin and Stem of the Irish Nation, 5th edition, 2 vols. Dublin: James Duffy and Co.
Ó hUiginn, Ruairí (2015). “Éireannaigh, Fir Éireann, Gaeil agus Gaill.” Aon don Éigse: Essays Marking Osborn Bergin’s Centenary Lecture on Bardic Poetry (1912), edited by Caoimhín Breatnach and Meidhbhín Ní Úrdail. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. 17-49.
Ó Muraíle, Nollaig (1996). The Celebrated Antiquary: Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh (c. 1600-1671): His Lineage, Life and Learning. Maynooth: An Sagart.
______ ed. and trans. (2003). Leabhar Mór na nGenealach (The Great Book of Irish Genealogies) Compiled (1645-66) by Dubhaltach Mac Fhirbhisigh, 5 vols. Dublin: De Búrca.
Ó Riain, Pádraig, ed. (1985). Corpus Genealogiarum Sanctorum Hiberniae. Dublin: Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies.
O’Scea, Ciaran (2015). Surviving Kinsale: Irish Emigration and Identity Formation in Early Modern Spain, 1601-1640. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Pender, Séamus, ed. (1951). “The O Clery Book of Genealogies: 23 D 17 (R.I.A.).” Analecta Hibernica 18: x-xxxiii and 1-198.
Putman, Angela L. and Kristen L. Cole. (2020). “All Hail DNA: The Constitutive Rhetoric of AncestryDNA™ Advertising.” Critical Studies in Media Communication 37 (3): 207-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/15295036.2020.1767796
Recio Morales, Óscar (2006). “Irish Émigré Group Strategies of Survival, Adaptation and Integration in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Spain.” Irish Communities in Early-Modern Europe, edited by Thomas O’Connor and Mary Ann Lyons. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 240-66.
______ (2014). “La Élite de Poder Extrapeninsular en España y la América Española del XVIII: Cultura de Servicio y Oposición Política.” Represión, tolerancia e integración en España y América: extranjeros, esclavos, indígenas y mestizos durante el siglo XVIII, edited by David González Cruz. Madrid: Doce Calles. 17-42.
Sharpe, Richard (2015). “Seán Ó Cléirigh and His Manuscripts.” Early Medieval Ireland and Europe: Chronology, Contacts, Scholarship. A Festschrift for Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, edited by Pádraic Moran and Immo Warntjes. Turnhout: Brepols. 645-70.
Simms, Katharine (1987). From Kings to Warlords: The Changing Political Structure of Gaelic Ireland in the Later Middle Ages. Woodbridge: Boydell Press.
Ua Cadhla, Cormac, ed. (1931). “Geinealaighe Fearmanach.” Analecta Hibernica 3: 62-150.
Villar García, María Begoña (2006). “Irish Migration and Exiles in Spain: Refugees, Soldiers, Traders and Statesmen.” Irish Communities in Early-Modern Europe, edited by Thomas O’Connor and Mary Ann Lyons. Dublin: Four Courts Press. 172-99.
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2025 Denis Casey
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
