Entre el salón del Obispo y el erizo: Los legados de la Ilustración en Antrim y Down tras la Unión

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24162/EI2023-12200

Palabras clave:

Ulster, Ilustración, Act of Union, Poetry Belfast, Percy, Orr, Thomson

Resumen

Este ensayo analiza las tensiones posteriores a 1798 en Belfast, Antrim y Down, a través de un análisis de textos literarios y culturales. Se estudian la variedad de respuestas a las dos primeras décadas del siglo XIX, tanto en relación con la aspiración de una Irlanda Unida como en cuanto al mantenimiento y control del establishment. Por un lado, se mantuvo el lenguaje y el pensamiento político y cultural de la Irlanda Unida en las dos primeras décadas después de la unión a través de la publicación de colecciones de poesía y otras obras (Samuel Thomson, James Orr, William Drennan). Esta contribución explora cómo tomó forma este trabajo y cómo respondió al trauma del 98, valorando particularmente cómo el idioma escocés se utilizó como herramienta/arma cultural a principios del siglo XIX. Además, se analiza la creación de una variedad de empresas “Ilustradas” como la Institución Académica, la Casa de Pobres y la Sociedad Literaria, y se cuestiona el alcance de estas empresas al observar hasta qué punto fueron “ilustradas” o fueron generadas por facciones, intereses mercantiles que operaban bajo la apariencia de esfuerzos filantrópicos (por ejemplo, la extensión de la industria algodonera en Belfast, la expansión económica basada en el comercio transatlántico de esclavos, la animadversión imperialista/colonialista en muchas empresas o la reescritura de la historia reciente para adaptarla a la visión del establishment). Estos desarrollos se contextualizan y cuestionan junto con la creación de agendas y agrupaciones “unionistas” posteriores a la Unión (alianzas conservadoras anglicanas y presbiterianas en la esfera cultural, en el trabajo del obispo Thomas Percy, Thomas Romney Robinson, Hugh Porter y Thomas Stott). El trauma y la memoria de finales del siglo XVIII dejaron un legado que se manifestó en el desarrollo de Belfast tras la unión y en su articulación, o no, como espacio Ilustrado.

Biografía del autor/a

Frank Ferguson

Frank Ferguson is Director of the Centre for Irish and Scottish Studies and Research Director for English at Ulster University. Balancing Acts: Conversations with Gerald Dawe on a Life in Poetry was published in 2023 by Irish Academic Press. His publications include numerous articles on Irish, Scottish and Ulster-Scots literature as well as Ulster Scots Writing: An Anthology. He was part of the Expert Advisory Panel which produced the report Recommendations for an Ulster-Scots Language, Heritage & Culture Strategy (2021) for the Department for Communities for Northern Ireland.

Citas

Agnew, Jean, ed. (1998). The Drennan- McTier Letters 1776- 1793. Dublin: The Women’s History Project in Association with the Irish Manuscripts Commission.

Atkinson, Edward D. (1925). Dromore, An Ulster Diocese. Dundalk: Dundalgan.

Beiner, Guy (2018). Forgetful Remembrance: Social Forgetting and Vernacular Historiography of a Rebellion in Ulster. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Blackstock, A. (1998). An Ascendancy Army: The Irish Yeomanry, 1796-1834. Dublin: Four Courts Press.

Bourdieu, P. (1980). “The Aristocracy of Culture.” Media, Culture & Society 2 (3): 225-54. https://doi.org/10.1177/016344378000200303

Brown, Michael (2016). The Irish Enlightenment. Cambridge, MA:  Harvard University Press. Kindle edition.

Bryan, Dominic, Sean Connolly and John Nagle (2019). Civic Identity and Public Space: Belfast Since 1780. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Calhoun, Randal C. (1985). William Shenstone’s Aesthetic Theory and Poetry. Unpublished PhD thesis, Ball State University.

Charlemont, James, First Earl of (1891). Manuscripts and Correspondence. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office.

Coyle, Eugene A. and John J. Duffy (2001). “Loyalty and Its Rewards in Eighteenth-Century New England and County Down: The Cousins Crane Brush.” Eighteenth-Century Ireland / Iris an dá chultúr 16: 118-34.

Crawford, W.H. (1998) “The Evolution of The Linen Trade in Ulster Before Industrialization.” Irish Economic and Social History 15: 32-53.

Davis, Bertram H. (1989). Thomas Percy: A Scholar-cleric in the Age of Johnson. Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press.

Dodsley, R., and W. Shenstone (1764). The Works, in Verse and Prose, of William Shenstone: Essays on men and manners. A description of the Leasowes, the seat of the late William Shenstone, esq., by R. Dodsley. Verses to Mr. Shenstone. London: R. and J. Dodsley.

Dubourdieu, John (1802). A Statistical Survey of County Down. Dublin: Graisberry and Campbell.

Ferguson, Frank, and Danni Glover (2018). “Scottish revenants: Caledonian fatality in Thomas Percy’s Reliques.Suicide and the Gothic, edited by William Hughes and Andrew Smith. Manchester: Manchester University Press. 18-35.

Gaussen, Alice, C. (1905). Percy: Prelate and Poet. London: Smith Elder and Co.

Gibson, William (1997). A Social History of the Domestic Chaplain, 1530-1840. London: Leicester UP.

Glasscock, R. E. (1967). Belfast: The Origin and Growth of an Industrial City. London: British Broadcasting Corporation.

Green, Edward, R. R. (1970). “Thomas Percy in Ireland.” Ulster Folklife 15/16: 224-32.

Groom, Nick (1999). The Making of Percy’s Reliques Oxford: Clarendon Press.

______, ed. (1996). Percy’s “Reliques of Ancient English Poetry. 3 vols. London and Bristol: Routledge/Thoemmes Press.

Hewitt, John (1987). Ancestral Voices: Selected Prose, edited by Tom Clyde. Belfast, Blackstaff Press.

______ (2004). Rhyming Weavers and Other Country Poets of Antrim and Down. Belfast, Blackstaff Press.

Lawrence, Thomas Dawson (1789). The Miscellaneous Works of Thomas Dawson Lawrence, Esq. Published for the benefit of the Sunday School at Lawrencetown, Co. Down. Dublin: R. Marchbank, 1789.

Lunney, Linde (2009). “Stott, Thomas (1755–1829).” Dictionary of Irish Biography. https://www.dib.ie/biography/stott-thomas-a8348

Malcomson, A. P. W. (2003). Primate Robinson 1709-94: A Very Tough Incumbent, in Fine Preservation. Belfast: Ulster Historical Foundation.

Mitchell, Claire (2023). The Ghost Limb: Alternative Protestants and the Spirit of 1798. Belfast: Beyond the Pale Books.

Musgrave, Richard (1802). Memoirs of the different Rebellions in Ireland. 3rd ed. Dublin and London: n. p.

Musgrave, T., and M. Calnan (2006). Seven Deadly Sins of Gardening: With the Vices and Virtues of Its Gardeners. London: Pavilion.

Nichols, John (1858). Illustrations of the Literary History of the Eighteenth Century by John Nichols. London: J. B. Nichols.

Orr, Jennifer (2020). “Enlightened Ulster, Romantic Ulster: Irish Magazine Culture of the Union Era.” Irish Literature in Transition, 1780–1830, edited by Claire Connolly. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 148-70.

Percy, Thomas (1782). “A Charge for the Clergy of Dromore.” Bodleian MS. Percy d. 3 263.

______ (1808). Bishop Percy’s Library Catalogue: Books at Dromore House, c. 1808. Percy Collection, Queen’s University Belfast MS.1.

______ (n.d.). British Library Add. MS. 32335.

______ (1799). Letter to Anne Percy, 24 February, 1799, British Library, Add. MS. 32335 ff. 138-40.

______ (1796) Letter to Downshire 27 December, 1796, PRONI. Downshire 697/D/429.

Porter, Hugh (1813). Poetical Attempts by Hugh Porter, a County of Down Weaver. Belfast: Archbold and Dugan.

Prendergast, A. (2015). Literary Salons Across Britain and Ireland in the Long Eighteenth Century. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Reclaim the Enlightenment. https://reclaimtheenlightenment.net/

Smith, D. N., and C. Brooks (1944). The Percy Letters. Ithaca, NY: Yale University Press.

Stott, Thomas (1825). The Songs of Deardra. London: Ridgeway.

Sutherland, Kathryn (1982). “The Native Poet: The Influence of Percy’s Minstrel from Beattie to Wordsworth.” Review of English Studies xxxiii: 414-33.

Thomson, Samuel (1799). New Poems, on a variety of different subjects. Belfast: Doherty & Simms.

Wood, Harriet Harvey, ed. (1985). The Percy Letters: The Correspondence of Thomas Percy and John Pinkerton. Ithaca, NY: Yale University Press.

Young, Arthur (1892). Arthur Young’s Tour In Ireland (1776-1779) Edited With Introduction And Notes By Arthur Wollaston Hutton John with A Bibliography By P. Anderson. London: George Bell & Son.

Publicado

18-12-2023

Cómo citar

Ferguson, F. (2023). Entre el salón del Obispo y el erizo: Los legados de la Ilustración en Antrim y Down tras la Unión. Estudios Irlandeses, 18(2), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.24162/EI2023-12200