Victimización escolar de personas transgénero: Estudio cualitativo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.1108Palabras clave:
Personas transgénero, Estudiantes, Madres, Acoso Escolar, Investigación CualitativaResumen
Fundamento. La evidencia científica ha demostrado que las personas transgénero corren el riesgo de ser víctimas de violencia durante su etapa escolar. El presente estudio busca explorar las experiencias de victimización del alumnado transgénero desde su propia perspectiva y la de sus familias.
Métodos. Estudio fenomenológico cualitativo mediante entrevistas en profundidad para explorar las experiencias de victimización del alumnado transgénero y sus madres. Se reclutó a los participantes hasta alcanzar la saturación de datos (n=10). Las narrativas se grabaron y transcribieron, aplicando el análisis de contenido temático en paralelo a la recopilación de más entrevistas.
Resultados. Niñas, niños y adolescentes transgénero y sus madres describieron diferentes experiencias de victimización sufridas en la escuela: física, verbal y acoso en redes sociales. Estas experiencias se asociaron con consecuencias para su salud a nivel biopsicosocial, como el aislamiento social, las conductas violentas, los intentos autolíticos y la depresión.
Conclusiones. Los resultados de este estudio sugieren la importancia de analizar las diferentes experiencias de victimización que sufre el alumnado transgénero en la escuela. Es necesario desarrollar estrategias que contribuyan a abordar el acoso escolar en personas trans, como la sensibilización, la tutoría entre iguales, el protocolo contra el acoso escolar, la sensibilización y la formación.
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